【花雕动手做】看见声音，基于Arduino系列音乐可视器（22）
偶然心血来潮，想要做一个音乐可视化的系列专题。这个专题的难度有点高，涉及面也比较广泛，相关的FFT和FHT等算法也相当复杂，不过还是打算从最简单的开始，实际动手做做试验，耐心尝试一下各种方案，逐步积累些有用的音乐频谱可视化的资料，也会争取成型一些实用好玩的音乐可视器项目。LED无限魔方的英文是LED Infinity Cube，还有一种称呼，叫做超级立方体，大概说的都是一种三维或多维镜像LED灯。正好手头有六片有机玻璃板，这里准备从小规格的开始尝试，先做一款10X10厘米的特别迷你型，感觉有点难度，试试看。
【花雕动手做】有趣好玩的音乐可视化系列小项目（22）--LED无限魔方
项目程序之六：一个用 FastLED 编程的LED无限魔方体
/*
【花雕动手做】有趣好玩的音乐可视化系列小项目（22）--LED无限魔方
项目程序之六：一个用 FastLED 编程的LED无限魔方体
*/
#include <FastLED.h>
#define LED_PIN 6
#define LEDS_PER_SEGMENT 5
#define SEGMENTS 12
#define BRIGHTNESS 200
#define NUM_LEDS LEDS_PER_SEGMENT * SEGMENTS
#define NUM_LEDS_WITH_SAFETYNUM_LEDS + 1
CRGB source1;
CRGB source2;
CRGB output;
uint8_t blendAmount = 0;
uint8_t patternCounter = 0;
uint8_t source1Pattern = 0;
uint8_t source2Pattern = 1;
bool useSource1 = false;
void setup() {
FastLED.addLeds<WS2812B, LED_PIN, GRB>(output, NUM_LEDS_WITH_SAFETY);
FastLED.setBrightness(BRIGHTNESS);
Serial.begin(57600);
}
void loop() {
EVERY_N_MILLISECONDS(10) {
blend(source1, source2, output, NUM_LEDS, blendAmount); //在两个源之间混合
if (useSource1) {
if (blendAmount < 255) blendAmount++; //混合“向上”到源 2
} else {
if (blendAmount > 0) blendAmount--; //将“向下”混合到源 1
}
}
EVERY_N_SECONDS(8) {
nextPattern();
}
runPattern(source1Pattern, source1); //同时运行两种模式
runPattern(source2Pattern, source2);
FastLED.show();
}
void nextPattern() {
patternCounter = (patternCounter + 1) % 5;
if (useSource1) source1Pattern = patternCounter;
else source2Pattern = patternCounter;
useSource1 = !useSource1;
}
void runPattern(uint8_t pattern, CRGB *LEDarray) {
switch (pattern) {
case 0:
rainbowComet(LEDarray);//彩虹彗星
break;
case 1:
prettyNoise(LEDarray);//漂亮噪声
break;
case 2:
randomStar(LEDarray);//随机星
break;
case 3:
fillRainbow(LEDarray);//填充彩虹
break;
case 4:
pixels(LEDarray);// 像素
break;
}
}
uint8_t xyz(uint8_t x, uint8_t y, uint8_t z) {
/*边缘的坐标从 0 到 5。每条边缘只有 5 个“真实”像素，
* 所以只有 1 - 5 个 LED。缺少顶点（角）。
* 如果请求这些顶点之一，则返回一个不显示的安全像素。
* 我们对立方体内部的坐标也做同样的事情，即不在边缘上。
*/
uint8_t lps = LEDS_PER_SEGMENT;
uint8_t safePx = NUM_LEDS;
if ((x == 0 || x == lps + 1) && (y == 0 || y == lps + 1) && (z == 0 || z == lps + 1)) return safePx;
// z 方向边缘
if (x == 0 && y == 0) return (8 * lps)- z; // Seg 7
if (x == 0 && y == lps + 1)return (12 * lps) - z; // Seg 11
if (x == lps + 1&& y == 0) return (3 * lps)+ z - 1;// Seg 3
if (x == lps + 1&& y == lps + 1)return (9 * lps)+ z - 1;// Seg 9
// y 方向边
if (x == 0 && z == 0) return y - 1; // Seg 0
if (x == 0 && z == lps + 1)return (7 * lps)- y; // Seg 6
if (x == lps + 1&& z == 0) return (3 * lps)- y; // Seg 2
if (x == lps + 1&& z == lps + 1)return (4 * lps)+ y - 1;// Seg 4
// x 方向边
if (y == 0 && z == 0) return (8 * lps)+ x - 1;// Seg 8
if (y == 0 && z == lps + 1)return (11 * lps) - x; // Seg 10
if (y == lps + 1&& z == 0) return lps + x - 1;// Seg 1
if (y == lps + 1&& z == lps + 1)return (6 * lps)- x; // Seg 5
//如果以上都不是，我们的坐标无效
return safePx;
}
//------------ Patterns below ------------//
void pixels(CRGB *LEDarray) {
static uint8_t pos = 0;
static uint8_t a = 0;
static uint8_t b = 0;
//填充所有像素并将它们混合在一起
for (int c = 0; c <= LEDS_PER_SEGMENT + 1; c++) {
LEDarray = blend(LEDarray, CRGB::Orange, 128);
LEDarray = blend(LEDarray, CRGB::Magenta, 128);
LEDarray = blend(LEDarray, CRGB::Blue, 128);
}
EVERY_N_MILLISECONDS(33) {
//围绕正方形移动的坐标
if(pos < 15) a++;
else if (pos <= (LEDS_PER_SEGMENT * 2) + 1) b++;
else if (pos <= (LEDS_PER_SEGMENT * 3) + 2) a--;
else b--;
//再次开始我们到达正方形的尽头
pos = (pos + 1) % ((LEDS_PER_SEGMENT + 1) * 4);
}
fadeToBlackBy(LEDarray, NUM_LEDS, 10);
}
void fillRainbow(CRGB *LEDarray) {
static uint8_t pos = 0;
uint8_t noise = inoise8(millis()/5);
fill_rainbow(LEDarray, LEDS_PER_SEGMENT, noise, 10);
//复制到其他段
for (int i = 0; i < SEGMENTS; i++) {
memmove8(&LEDarray, &LEDarray, LEDS_PER_SEGMENT * sizeof(CRGB));
}
//垂直柱子上下移动的白点
LEDarray = CRGB::White;
LEDarray = CRGB::White;
LEDarray = CRGB::White;
LEDarray = CRGB::White;
EVERY_N_MILLISECONDS(20) {
pos = (pos + 1) % LEDS_PER_SEGMENT;
}
}
void rainbowComet(CRGB *LEDarray) {
static uint8_t easeOutVal = 0;
static uint8_t easeInVal= 0;
//使图案出现在两个段上
uint8_t ledsPerSegment = LEDS_PER_SEGMENT * 2;
uint8_t segments = SEGMENTS / 2;
easeOutVal = ease8InOutQuad(easeInVal);
easeInVal++;
uint8_t pos = lerp8by8(0, ledsPerSegment, easeOutVal);
uint8_t hue =map(pos, 0, ledsPerSegment, 0, 230);
LEDarray = CHSV(hue, 255, 255);
fadeToBlackBy(LEDarray, ledsPerSegment, 20);
//复制到其他段
for (int i = 0; i < segments; i++) {
memmove8(&LEDarray, &LEDarray, ledsPerSegment * sizeof(CRGB));
}
}
void randomStar(CRGB *LEDarray) {
EVERY_N_MILLISECONDS(75) {
LEDarray = CRGB::LightGrey;
}
for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LEDS; i++) {
// 亮度
uint8_t bNoise = inoise8(i * 100, millis());
bNoise = constrain(bNoise, 50, 200);
bNoise = map(bNoise, 50, 200, 20, 80);
// 色调
uint8_t hNoise = inoise8(i * 20, millis() / 5);
hNoise = constrain(hNoise, 50, 200);
hNoise = map(hNoise, 50, 200, 160, 192);
if (LEDarray.g == 0) {
LEDarray = CHSV(hNoise, 255, bNoise);
}
}
fadeToBlackBy(LEDarray, NUM_LEDS, 5);//淡入黑色（LED 阵列，NUM LEDS，5 个）
}
void prettyNoise(CRGB *LEDarray) {
fill_noise16 (LEDarray, NUM_LEDS, 1, 0, 100, 1, 1, 50, millis() / 3, 5);
}
【花雕动手做】有趣好玩的音乐可视化系列小项目（22）--LED无限魔方
项目程序之三：NeoPixel 测试程序
/*
【花雕动手做】有趣好玩的音乐可视化系列小项目（22）--LED无限魔方
项目程序之三：NeoPixel 测试程序
*/
#include <Adafruit_NeoPixel.h>
#ifdef __AVR__
#include <avr/power.h> // Required for 16 MHz Adafruit Trinket
#endif
// Which pin on the Arduino is connected to the NeoPixels?
// On a Trinket or Gemma we suggest changing this to 1:
#define LED_PIN 6
// How many NeoPixels are attached to the Arduino?
#define LED_COUNT 60
// Declare our NeoPixel strip object:
Adafruit_NeoPixel strip(LED_COUNT, LED_PIN, NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ800);
// Argument 1 = Number of pixels in NeoPixel strip
// Argument 2 = Arduino pin number (most are valid)
// Argument 3 = Pixel type flags, add together as needed:
// NEO_KHZ800800 KHz bitstream (most NeoPixel products w/WS2812 LEDs)
// NEO_KHZ400400 KHz (classic 'v1' (not v2) FLORA pixels, WS2811 drivers)
// NEO_GRB Pixels are wired for GRB bitstream (most NeoPixel products)
// NEO_RGB Pixels are wired for RGB bitstream (v1 FLORA pixels, not v2)
// NEO_RGBW Pixels are wired for RGBW bitstream (NeoPixel RGBW products)
// setup() function -- runs once at startup --------------------------------
void setup() {
// These lines are specifically to support the Adafruit Trinket 5V 16 MHz.
// Any other board, you can remove this part (but no harm leaving it):
#if defined(__AVR_ATtiny85__) && (F_CPU == 16000000)
clock_prescale_set(clock_div_1);
#endif
// END of Trinket-specific code.
strip.begin(); // INITIALIZE NeoPixel strip object (REQUIRED)
strip.show(); // Turn OFF all pixels ASAP
strip.setBrightness(50); // Set BRIGHTNESS to about 1/5 (max = 255)
}
// loop() function -- runs repeatedly as long as board is on ---------------
void loop() {
// Fill along the length of the strip in various colors...
colorWipe(strip.Color(255, 0, 0), 50); // Red
colorWipe(strip.Color(0, 255, 0), 50); // Green
colorWipe(strip.Color(0, 0, 255), 50); // Blue
// Do a theater marquee effect in various colors...
theaterChase(strip.Color(127, 127, 127), 50); // White, half brightness
theaterChase(strip.Color(127, 0, 0), 50); // Red, half brightness
theaterChase(strip.Color(0, 0, 127), 50); // Blue, half brightness
rainbow(10); // Flowing rainbow cycle along the whole strip
theaterChaseRainbow(50); // Rainbow-enhanced theaterChase variant
}
// Some functions of our own for creating animated effects -----------------
// Fill strip pixels one after another with a color. Strip is NOT cleared
// first; anything there will be covered pixel by pixel. Pass in color
// (as a single 'packed' 32-bit value, which you can get by calling
// strip.Color(red, green, blue) as shown in the loop() function above),
// and a delay time (in milliseconds) between pixels.
void colorWipe(uint32_t color, int wait) {
for (int i = 0; i < strip.numPixels(); i++) { // For each pixel in strip...
strip.setPixelColor(i, color); //Set pixel's color (in RAM)
strip.show(); //Update strip to match
delay(wait); //Pause for a moment
}
}
// Theater-marquee-style chasing lights. Pass in a color (32-bit value,
// a la strip.Color(r,g,b) as mentioned above), and a delay time (in ms)
// between frames.
void theaterChase(uint32_t color, int wait) {
for (int a = 0; a < 10; a++) { // Repeat 10 times...
for (int b = 0; b < 3; b++) { //'b' counts from 0 to 2...
strip.clear(); // Set all pixels in RAM to 0 (off)
// 'c' counts up from 'b' to end of strip in steps of 3...
for (int c = b; c < strip.numPixels(); c += 3) {
strip.setPixelColor(c, color); // Set pixel 'c' to value 'color'
}
strip.show(); // Update strip with new contents
delay(wait);// Pause for a moment
}
}
}
// Rainbow cycle along whole strip. Pass delay time (in ms) between frames.
void rainbow(int wait) {
// Hue of first pixel runs 5 complete loops through the color wheel.
// Color wheel has a range of 65536 but it's OK if we roll over, so
// just count from 0 to 5*65536. Adding 256 to firstPixelHue each time
// means we'll make 5*65536/256 = 1280 passes through this outer loop:
for (long firstPixelHue = 0; firstPixelHue < 5 * 65536; firstPixelHue += 256) {
for (int i = 0; i < strip.numPixels(); i++) { // For each pixel in strip...
// Offset pixel hue by an amount to make one full revolution of the
// color wheel (range of 65536) along the length of the strip
// (strip.numPixels() steps):
int pixelHue = firstPixelHue + (i * 65536L / strip.numPixels());
// strip.ColorHSV() can take 1 or 3 arguments: a hue (0 to 65535) or
// optionally add saturation and value (brightness) (each 0 to 255).
// Here we're using just the single-argument hue variant. The result
// is passed through strip.gamma32() to provide 'truer' colors
// before assigning to each pixel:
strip.setPixelColor(i, strip.gamma32(strip.ColorHSV(pixelHue)));
}
strip.show(); // Update strip with new contents
delay(wait);// Pause for a moment
}
}
// Rainbow-enhanced theater marquee. Pass delay time (in ms) between frames.
void theaterChaseRainbow(int wait) {
int firstPixelHue = 0; // First pixel starts at red (hue 0)
for (int a = 0; a < 30; a++) { // Repeat 30 times...
for (int b = 0; b < 3; b++) { //'b' counts from 0 to 2...
strip.clear(); // Set all pixels in RAM to 0 (off)
// 'c' counts up from 'b' to end of strip in increments of 3...
for (int c = b; c < strip.numPixels(); c += 3) {
// hue of pixel 'c' is offset by an amount to make one full
// revolution of the color wheel (range 65536) along the length
// of the strip (strip.numPixels() steps):
int hue = firstPixelHue + c * 65536L / strip.numPixels();
uint32_t color = strip.gamma32(strip.ColorHSV(hue)); // hue -> RGB
strip.setPixelColor(c, color); // Set pixel 'c' to value 'color'
}
strip.show(); // Update strip with new contents
delay(wait); // Pause for a moment
firstPixelHue += 65536 / 90; // One cycle of color wheel over 90 frames
}
}
}
【花雕动手做】看见声音，基于Arduino系列音乐可视器（1）---LED节奏灯
https://mc.dfrobot.com.cn/thread-311167-1-1.html
【花雕动手做】看见声音，基于Arduino系列音乐可视器（2）---OLED频谱灯
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【花雕动手做】看见声音，基于Arduino系列音乐可视器（3）---RGB律动灯
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【花雕动手做】看见声音，基于Arduino系列音乐可视器（5）---WS2812柱跳灯
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【花雕动手做】看见声音，基于Arduino系列音乐可视器（10）---WS2812硬板屏
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找到一张软镜子贴纸
立方体的底面，使用这个
超薄的玻璃贴膜
其余五个面，使用这个银灰膜
贴膜手艺有所提高
立方体的六个面备好了
声音模块，使用性价比更高的MAX4466声音传感器。
MAX4466
是微功率运算放大器，经过优化，可用作麦克风前置放大器。它们提供了优化的增益带宽产品与电源电流的理想组合，以及超小型封装中实现低电压工件环境。 MAX4466具有增益稳定特性，仅需24μA的电源电流即可提供200kHz的增益带宽。经过解压缩，可实现+5V/V的最小稳定增益，并提供600KHZ增益带宽。此外这些放大器具有轨到轨输出，高 AVOL ，以及出色的电源抑制和共模抑制比，适合在嘈杂环境中工作。广泛应用于蜂窝电话、数字复读装置、耳机、助听器、麦克风前置放大器、便携计算机和语音识别系统中。
MAX4466模块特点
电源电压：+2.4V至+5.5V（可直接接STM/ARDUNIO/树莓派等开发板）
电源抑制比：112dB
共模抑制比：126dB
AVOL：125dB（RL = 100kΩ) 轨到轨输出
静态电源电流：24μA
增益带宽：600kHz
尺寸：20.8mm x 13.8mm x 7.5mm/0.8 x 0.5 x 0.3inch
该模块在 Vcc 和接地引线上都包含铁氧体，以最大限度地减少电源噪声。如果与 MCU 一起使用，最好使用 2.4V – 5.5V 范围内可用的最安静的电源。在 Arduino 上，这通常是 3.3V 电源。输出是直流耦合的。当输出信号处于静止状态时，它将位于 Vcc/2。如果 Vcc 为 5V，则输出将为 2.5V。如果输出需要交流耦合，可以在输出引脚和它驱动的电路的输入之间增加一个100uF的电容。背面的小型单圈电位器可让您将增益从 25x 调整到 125x。逆时针旋转电位器会增加增益，而逆时针旋转会降低增益。
WS2812B灯带选用的是每米60灯黑底裸板
WS2812B灯带电原理图
WS2812B是集控制电路和发光电路于一体的LED光源元件，其控制IC为WS2812B，发光元件是5050RGBLED，电压为5V，每个单位的峰值电流为60ma，灯带为三线制，VCC GND DIN分别为电源+、电源-、信号，当使用外部电源时，外部电源-需要与单片机的GND相连。
定制的小木条到了，这活好像有点难度......
厉害厉害 小企鹅 发表于 2022-9-1 17:39
厉害厉害
谢谢鼓励 开始组装无限魔方
【花雕动手做】有趣好玩的音乐可视化系列小项目（22）--LED无限魔方
项目程序之一：循环LED绿色LED快闪测试
/*
【花雕动手做】有趣好玩的音乐可视化系列小项目（22）--LED无限魔方
项目程序之一：循环LED绿色LED快闪测试
*/
#include <Adafruit_NeoPixel.h>
#define PIN 6
#define MAX_LED 35
#define ADD true
#define SUB false
int val = 0;
boolean stat = ADD;
Adafruit_NeoPixel strip = Adafruit_NeoPixel( MAX_LED, PIN, NEO_RGB + NEO_KHZ800 );
void setup() {
strip.begin();
strip.show();
}
void loop() {
uint8_t i, a = 0;
uint32_t color = strip.Color(255, 0, 0);
while (a < 36)
{
for (i = 0; i < 35; i++)
{
if (i == a) strip.setPixelColor(i, color);
else strip.setPixelColor(i, 0);
}
strip.show();
delay(100);
a++;
}
}
测试已安装的一部分
实验场景图动态图
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