【花雕动手做】看见声音，基于Arduino系列音乐可视器（10）
2021-12-124.6万
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本文介绍了基于Arduino的音乐可视化项目，使用WS2812硬板屏实现声音可视化。该项目从最简单的方案开始，逐步积累音乐频谱可视化的资料。适合零基础新手，无需复杂算法知识，即可动手制作有趣的音乐可视化装置。
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偶然心血来潮，想要做一个声音可视化的系列专题。这个专题的难度有点高，涉及面也比较广泛，相关的FFT和FHT等算法也相当复杂，不过还是打算从最简单的开始，实际动手做做试验，耐心尝试一下各种方案，逐步积累些有用的音乐频谱可视化的资料，也会争取成型一些实用好玩的音乐可视器项目。 【花雕动手做】有趣好玩的音乐可视化系列小项目（10）---WS2812硬板屏   |
优酷：https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTkxOTQxODEzNg==.html?spm=a2hcb.playlsit.page.1
B站：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1hg411q7yo/?vd_source=98c6b1fc23b2787403d97f8d3cc0b7e5
[media=x,500,375]https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1hg411q7yo/?vd_source=98c6b1fc23b2787403d97f8d3cc0b7e5[/media]
优酷：https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTkxOTQxODA2OA==.html?spm=a2hcb.playlsit.page.3
B站：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ye4y1s7n1/?vd_source=98c6b1fc23b2787403d97f8d3cc0b7e5
[media=x,500,375]https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTkxOTQxODA2OA==.html?spm=a2hcb.playlsit.page.3[/media]
实验一百七十七：Wemos D1 R32 ESP32开发板
项目之四十七：快速傅里叶变换256位频谱仪
[code]/*
【Arduino】168种传感器模块系列实验（资料代码+仿真编程+图形编程）
实验一百七十七：Wemos D1 R32 ESP32开发板
项目之四十七：快速傅里叶变换256位频谱仪
*/
#include "arduinoFFT.h"
#include
#define NUM_LEDS 256
#define LED_TYPE WS2812
#define COLOR_ORDER GRB
arduinoFFT FFT = arduinoFFT();
CRGB leds[NUM_LEDS];
#define CHANNEL 39
#define DATA_PIN 23
const uint8_t max_bright = 2;
const uint16_t samples = NUM_LEDS / 4;
const byte halfsamples = samples / 2;
uint8_t gHue;
int value;
double vReal[samples];
double vImag[samples];
char toData[halfsamples];
int pointJump[halfsamples];
int uJump[halfsamples];
int dJump[halfsamples];
int uValue;
int dValue;
int tValue;
int toDown = 0;
uint8_t toDownSpeed = 3;
int pointDown = 0;
uint8_t pointDownSpeed = 9;
void setup(){
delay(100);
Serial.println("Ready");
FastLED.addLeds
FastLED.setBrightness(max_bright);
}
void loop(){
FastLED.clear();
EVERY_N_MILLISECONDS(10) {
gHue += 10;
}
for (int i = 0; i < samples; i++)
{
value = analogRead(CHANNEL);
vReal[i] = value;
vImag[i] = 0.0;
}
FFT.Windowing(vReal, samples, FFT_WIN_TYP_HAMMING, FFT_FORWARD);
FFT.Compute(vReal, vImag, samples, FFT_FORWARD);
FFT.ComplexToMagnitude(vReal, vImag, samples);
for (int i = 0; i < halfsamples; i++)
{
toData[i] = vReal[i + halfsamples / 2];
toData[i] = constrain(toData[i], 0, 100);
toData[i] = map(toData[i], 0, 100, 1, 7);
}
for (int i = 0; i < halfsamples; i++)
{
uValue = toData[i];
uJump[i]++;
if (uValue > uJump[i])
{
uValue = uJump[i];
}
else
{
uJump[i] = uValue;
}
dValue = uValue;
toDown++;
if (toDown % toDownSpeed == 0)
{
dJump[i]--;
toDown = 0;
}
if (dValue > pointJump[i])
{
dJump[i] = dValue;
}
else
{
dValue = dJump[i];
}
tValue = uValue;
pointDown++;
if (pointDown % pointDownSpeed == 0)
{
pointJump[i]--;
pointDown = 0;
}
if (tValue > pointJump[i])
{
pointJump[i] = tValue;
}
else
{
tValue = pointJump[i];
}
fill_rainbow(leds + 8 * i, uValue, gHue, 30);
fill_rainbow(leds + 8 * i, dValue, gHue, 30);
fill_solid(leds + 8 * i + tValue, 1, CRGB::White);
}
FastLED.show();
delay(2);
}[/code]
优酷：https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XN ... hcb.playlsit.page.1
B站：https://www.bilibili.com/video/B ... 87403d97f8d3cc0b7e5
[media=x,500,375]https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTkyMTAwNDQwOA==.html?spm=a2hcb.playlsit.page.1[/media]
实验一百七十七：Wemos D1 R32 ESP32开发板
项目之四十六：基于虚拟轮生成颜色的256位音乐可视化
[code]/*
【Arduino】168种传感器模块系列实验（资料代码+仿真编程+图形编程）
实验一百七十七：Wemos D1 R32 ESP32开发板
项目之四十六：基于虚拟轮生成颜色的256位音乐可视化
*/
#include
// LED LIGHTING SETUP
#define LED_PIN 23
#define NUM_LEDS 256
#define BRIGHTNESS 30
#define LED_TYPE WS2811
#define COLOR_ORDER GRB
CRGB leds[NUM_LEDS];
#define UPDATES_PER_SECOND 100
// AUDIO INPUT SETUP
int audio = 38;
// STANDARD VISUALIZER VARIABLES
int loop_max = 0;
int k = 255; // COLOR WHEEL POSITION
int decay = 0; // HOW MANY MS BEFORE ONE LIGHT DECAY
int decay_check = 0;
long pre_react = 0; // NEW SPIKE CONVERSION
long react = 0; // NUMBER OF LEDs BEING LIT
long post_react = 0; // OLD SPIKE CONVERSION
// RAINBOW WAVE SETTINGS
int wheel_speed = 4;
void setup()
{
// LED LIGHTING SETUP
delay( 3000 ); // power-up safety delay
FastLED.addLeds
FastLED.setBrightness( BRIGHTNESS );
// CLEAR LEDS
for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LEDS; i++)
leds[i] = CRGB(0, 0, 0);
FastLED.show();
// SERIAL AND INPUT SETUP
Serial.begin(115200);
pinMode(audio, INPUT);
Serial.println("\nListening...");
}
CRGB Scroll(int pos) {
CRGB color (0,0,0);
if(pos < 85) {
color.g = 0;
color.r = ((float)pos / 85.0f) * 255.0f;
color.b = 255 - color.r;
} else if(pos < 170) {
color.g = ((float)(pos - 85) / 85.0f) * 255.0f;
color.r = 255 - color.g;
color.b = 0;
} else if(pos < 256) {
color.b = ((float)(pos - 170) / 85.0f) * 255.0f;
color.g = 255 - color.b;
color.r = 1;
}
return color;
}
void rainbow(){
for(int i = NUM_LEDS - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
if (i < react)
leds[i] = Scroll((i * 256 / 50 + k) % 256);
else
leds[i] = CRGB(0, 0, 0);
}
FastLED.show();
}
void loop(){
int audio_input = analogRead(audio)*5.5; // 在此处调整，以获得更多敏感性
if (audio_input > 0)
{
pre_react = ((long)NUM_LEDS * (long)audio_input) / 1023L; // TRANSLATE AUDIO LEVEL TO NUMBER OF LEDs
if (pre_react > react) // ONLY ADJUST LEVEL OF LED IF LEVEL HIGHER THAN CURRENT LEVEL
react = pre_react;
Serial.print(audio_input);
Serial.print(" -> ");
Serial.println(pre_react);
}
rainbow(); // APPLY COLOR
k = k - wheel_speed; // SPEED OF COLOR WHEEL
if (k < 0) // RESET COLOR WHEEL
k = 255;
// REMOVE LEDs
decay_check++;
if (decay_check > decay)
{
decay_check = 0;
if (react > 0)
react--;
}
delay(1);
}[/code]
优酷：
B站：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1L14y157PU/?vd_source=98c6b1fc23b2787403d97f8d3cc0b7e5
[media=x,500,375]https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1L14y157PU/?vd_source=98c6b1fc23b2787403d97f8d3cc0b7e5[/media]
项目之十：Arduino 和 FastLED多彩音乐灯
[code]/*
【花雕动手做】有趣好玩的音乐可视化系列小项目（10）---WS2812硬板屏
项目之十：Arduino 和 FastLED多彩音乐灯
*/
#include
#define SAMPLEPERIODUS 200
#define MIC_PIN A0
#define LED_DT 6
#define COLOR_ORDER GRB
#define LED_TYPE WS2812
#define NUM_LEDS 256
uint8_t max_bright = 33;
struct CRGB leds[NUM_LEDS];
CRGBPalette16 currentPalette = RainbowColors_p;
CRGBPalette16 targetPalette;
void setup() {
pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
LEDS.addLeds
FastLED.setBrightness(max_bright);
}
float bassFilter(float sample) {
static float xv[3] = {0, 0, 0}, yv[3] = {0, 0, 0};
xv[0] = xv[1]; xv[1] = xv[2];
xv[2] = sample / 9.1f;
yv[0] = yv[1]; yv[1] = yv[2];
yv[2] = (xv[2] - xv[0]) + (-0.7960060012f * yv[0]) + (1.7903124146f * yv[1]);
return yv[2];
}
float envelopeFilter(float sample) {
static float xv[2] = {0, 0}, yv[2] = {0, 0};
xv[0] = xv[1];
xv[1] = sample / 160.f;
yv[0] = yv[1];
yv[1] = (xv[0] + xv[1]) + (0.9875119299f * yv[0]);
return yv[1];
}
float beatFilter(float sample) {
static float xv[3] = {0, 0, 0}, yv[3] = {0, 0, 0};
xv[0] = xv[1]; xv[1] = xv[2];
xv[2] = sample / 7.015f;
yv[0] = yv[1]; yv[1] = yv[2];
yv[2] = (xv[2] - xv[0]) + (-0.7169861741f * yv[0]) + (1.4453653501f * yv[1]);
return yv[2];
}
void loop() {
unsigned long time = micros();
float sample, value, envelope, beat, thresh, micLev;
for (uint8_t i = 0; ; ++i) {
sample = (float)analogRead(MIC_PIN);
micLev = ((micLev * 67) + sample) / 68;
sample -= micLev;
value = bassFilter(sample);
value = abs(value);
envelope = envelopeFilter(value);
if (i == 200) {
beat = beatFilter(envelope);
thresh = 0.02f * 75.;
if (beat > thresh) {
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
int strt = random8(NUM_LEDS / 2);
int ende = strt + random8(NUM_LEDS / 2);
for (int i = strt; i < ende; i++) {
uint8_t index = inoise8(i * 30, millis() + i * 30);
leds[i] = ColorFromPalette(currentPalette, index, 255, LINEARBLEND);
}
} else {
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);
}
i = 0;
}
EVERY_N_SECONDS(5) {
uint8_t baseC = random8();
targetPalette = CRGBPalette16(CHSV(baseC + random8(32), 255, random8(128, 255)),
CHSV(baseC + random8(64), 255, random8(128, 255)),
CHSV(baseC + random8(64), 192, random8(128, 255)),
CHSV(baseC + random8(), 255, random8(128, 255)));
}
EVERY_N_MILLISECONDS(50) {
uint8_t maxChanges = 24;
nblendPaletteTowardPalette(currentPalette, targetPalette, maxChanges);
}
EVERY_N_MILLIS(50) {
fadeToBlackBy(leds, NUM_LEDS, 64);
FastLED.show();
}
for (unsigned long up = time + SAMPLEPERIODUS; time > 20 && time < up; time = micros()) { }
} // for i
} // loop()[/code]
https://mc.dfrobot.com.cn/thread-311167-1-1.html
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https://mc.dfrobot.com.cn/thread-314273-1-1.html
https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTg4ODE1MTMyMA==.html?spm=a2hcb.playlsit.page.1
[media=x,500,375]https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTg4ODE1MTMyMA==.html?spm=a2hcb.playlsit.page.1[/media]
项目之九：FastLED多彩音乐节奏屏灯
[code]/*
【花雕动手做】有趣好玩的音乐可视化系列小项目（10）---WS2812硬板屏
项目之九：FastLED多彩音乐节奏屏灯
*/
#include
#include
#include
// define necessary parameters
#define N_PIXELS 64
#define MIC_PIN A0
#define LED_PIN 6
// the following parameters can be tweaked according to your audio levels
#define NOISE 240
#define TOP (N_PIXELS+2) // allow the max level to be slightly off scale
#define LED_TYPE WS2811
#define BRIGHTNESS 34 // a little dim for recording purposes
#define COLOR_ORDER GRB
// declare the LED array
CRGB leds[N_PIXELS];
// define the variables needed for the audio levels
int lvl = 0, minLvl = 0, maxLvl = 300; // tweak the min and max as needed
// instantiate the filter class for smoothing the raw audio signal
ExponentialFilter
void setup() {
// put your setup code here, to run once:
// Serial.begin(115200);
// initialize the LED object
FastLED.addLeds
FastLED.setBrightness(BRIGHTNESS);
}
void loop() {
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
// read the audio signal and filter it
int n, height;
n = analogRead(MIC_PIN);
// remove the MX9614 bias of 1.25VDC
n = abs(1023 - n);
// hard limit noise/hum
n = (n <= NOISE) ? 0 : abs(n - NOISE);
// apply the exponential filter to smooth the raw signal
ADCFilter.Filter(n);
lvl = ADCFilter.Current();
// // plot the raw versus filtered signals
//Serial.print(n);
//Serial.print(" ");
//Serial.println(lvl);
// calculate the number of pixels as a percentage of the range
// TO-DO: can be done dynamically by using a running average of min/max audio levels
height = TOP * (lvl - minLvl) / (long)(maxLvl - minLvl);
if (height < 0L) height = 0;
else if (height > TOP) height = TOP;
// turn the LEDs corresponding to the level on/off
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < N_PIXELS; i++) {
// turn off LEDs above the current level
if (i >= height) leds[i] = CRGB(0, 0, 0);
// otherwise, turn them on!
else leds[i] = Wheel( map( i, 0, N_PIXELS - 1, 30, 150 ) );
}
FastLED.show();
}
CRGB Wheel(byte WheelPos) {
// return a color value based on an input value between 0 and 255
if (WheelPos < 85)
return CRGB(WheelPos * 3, 255 - WheelPos * 3, 0);
else if (WheelPos < 170) {
WheelPos -= 85;
return CRGB(255 - WheelPos * 3, 0, WheelPos * 3);
} else {
WheelPos -= 170;
return CRGB(0, WheelPos * 3, 255 - WheelPos * 3);
}
}[/code]
https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTg4NTc5NDk1Mg==.html?spm=a2hcb.playlsit.page.1
[media=x,500,375]https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTg4NTc5NDk1Mg==.html?spm=a2hcb.playlsit.page.1[/media]
项目之八：通过快速傅里叶变换在ws2812b8*8灯板上显示频谱
[code]/*
【花雕动手做】有趣好玩的音乐可视化系列小项目（10）---WS2812硬板屏
项目之八：通过快速傅里叶变换在ws2812b8*8灯板上显示频谱
*/
#include "arduinoFFT.h"
#include
#define NUM_LEDS 64
#define LED_TYPE WS2812
#define COLOR_ORDER GRB
arduinoFFT FFT = arduinoFFT();
CRGB leds[NUM_LEDS];
#define CHANNEL A0
#define DATA_PIN 6
const uint8_t max_bright = 2;
const uint16_t samples = NUM_LEDS / 4;
const byte halfsamples = samples / 2;
uint8_t gHue;
int value;
double vReal[samples];
double vImag[samples];
char toData[halfsamples];
int pointJump[halfsamples];
int uJump[halfsamples];
int dJump[halfsamples];
int uValue;
int dValue;
int tValue;
int toDown = 0;
uint8_t toDownSpeed = 3;
int pointDown = 0;
uint8_t pointDownSpeed = 9;
void setup(){
delay(100);
Serial.println("Ready");
FastLED.addLeds
FastLED.setBrightness(max_bright);
}
void loop(){
FastLED.clear();
EVERY_N_MILLISECONDS(10) {
gHue += 10;
}
for (int i = 0; i < samples; i++)
{
value = analogRead(CHANNEL);
vReal[i] = value;
vImag[i] = 0.0;
}
FFT.Windowing(vReal, samples, FFT_WIN_TYP_HAMMING, FFT_FORWARD);
FFT.Compute(vReal, vImag, samples, FFT_FORWARD);
FFT.ComplexToMagnitude(vReal, vImag, samples);
for (int i = 0; i < halfsamples; i++)
{
toData[i] = vReal[i + halfsamples / 2];
toData[i] = constrain(toData[i], 0, 100);
toData[i] = map(toData[i], 0, 100, 1, 7);
}
for (int i = 0; i < halfsamples; i++)
{
uValue = toData[i];
uJump[i]++;
if (uValue > uJump[i])
{
uValue = uJump[i];
}
else
{
uJump[i] = uValue;
}
dValue = uValue;
toDown++;
if (toDown % toDownSpeed == 0)
{
dJump[i]--;
toDown = 0;
}
if (dValue > pointJump[i])
{
dJump[i] = dValue;
}
else
{
dValue = dJump[i];
}
tValue = uValue;
pointDown++;
if (pointDown % pointDownSpeed == 0)
{
pointJump[i]--;
pointDown = 0;
}
if (tValue > pointJump[i])
{
pointJump[i] = tValue;
}
else
{
tValue = pointJump[i];
}
fill_rainbow(leds + 8 * i, uValue, gHue, 30);
fill_rainbow(leds + 8 * i, dValue, gHue, 30);
fill_solid(leds + 8 * i + tValue, 1, CRGB::White);
}
FastLED.show();
delay(10);
}[/code]
项目之七：基于虚拟轮生成颜色的音乐可视化（8X32位 WS2812硬屏）
[code]/*
【花雕动手做】有趣好玩的音乐可视化系列小项目（10）---WS2812硬板屏
项目之七：基于虚拟轮生成颜色的音乐可视化（8X32位 WS2812硬屏）
*/
#include
// LED LIGHTING SETUP
#define LED_PIN 6
#define NUM_LEDS 480
#define BRIGHTNESS 30
#define LED_TYPE WS2811
#define COLOR_ORDER GRB
CRGB leds[NUM_LEDS];
#define UPDATES_PER_SECOND 100
// AUDIO INPUT SETUP
int audio = A0;
// STANDARD VISUALIZER VARIABLES
int loop_max = 0;
int k = 255; // COLOR WHEEL POSITION
int decay = 0; // HOW MANY MS BEFORE ONE LIGHT DECAY
int decay_check = 0;
long pre_react = 0; // NEW SPIKE CONVERSION
long react = 0; // NUMBER OF LEDs BEING LIT
long post_react = 0; // OLD SPIKE CONVERSION
// RAINBOW WAVE SETTINGS
int wheel_speed = 4;
void setup()
{
// LED LIGHTING SETUP
delay( 3000 ); // power-up safety delay
FastLED.addLeds
FastLED.setBrightness( BRIGHTNESS );
// CLEAR LEDS
for (int i = 0; i < NUM_LEDS; i++)
leds[i] = CRGB(0, 0, 0);
FastLED.show();
// SERIAL AND INPUT SETUP
Serial.begin(115200);
pinMode(audio, INPUT);
Serial.println("\nListening...");
}
CRGB Scroll(int pos) {
CRGB color (0,0,0);
if(pos < 85) {
color.g = 0;
color.r = ((float)pos / 85.0f) * 255.0f;
color.b = 255 - color.r;
} else if(pos < 170) {
color.g = ((float)(pos - 85) / 85.0f) * 255.0f;
color.r = 255 - color.g;
color.b = 0;
} else if(pos < 256) {
color.b = ((float)(pos - 170) / 85.0f) * 255.0f;
color.g = 255 - color.b;
color.r = 1;
}
return color;
}
void rainbow(){
for(int i = NUM_LEDS - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
if (i < react)
leds[i] = Scroll((i * 256 / 50 + k) % 256);
else
leds[i] = CRGB(0, 0, 0);
}
FastLED.show();
}
void loop()
{
int audio_input = analogRead(audio); // ADD x2 HERE FOR MORE SENSITIVITY
if (audio_input > 0)
{
pre_react = ((long)NUM_LEDS * (long)audio_input) / 1023L; // TRANSLATE AUDIO LEVEL TO NUMBER OF LEDs
if (pre_react > react) // ONLY ADJUST LEVEL OF LED IF LEVEL HIGHER THAN CURRENT LEVEL
react = pre_react;
Serial.print(audio_input);
Serial.print(" -> ");
Serial.println(pre_react);
}
rainbow(); // APPLY COLOR
k = k - wheel_speed; // SPEED OF COLOR WHEEL
if (k < 0) // RESET COLOR WHEEL
k = 255;
// REMOVE LEDs
decay_check++;
if (decay_check > decay)
{
decay_check = 0;
if (react > 0)
react--;
}
//delay(1);
}[/code]