【新手基础教程】使用socket通信
# 如何使用 Socket 网络编程
## 1. 如何使用 TCP 和 UDP 客户端连接服务器
假设已知[如何给 MaixPy 连接网络](https://cn.maixpy.sipeed.com/zh/course/network/network_config.html)的基础内容，直接运行示例代码。
- 警告：不准问：“没联网为什么不能访问网络的问题！”
请确认 地址 和 端口后再使用以下客户端代码。
### 1.1. 准备客户端代码
有如下几类典型客户端代码：
- TCP 客户端(https://github.com/sipeed/MaixPy_scripts/blob/master/network/demo_socket_tcp_client.py)
- UDP 客户端(https://github.com/sipeed/MaixPy_scripts/blob/master/network/demo_socket_udp_client.py)
- TCP 图传 客户端(https://github.com/sipeed/MaixPy_scripts/blob/master/network/demo_socket_pic_client.py)
### 1.2. 准备调试工具（服务端代码）
常见于网络调试助手，或者自己在电脑上运行提供的 Python3 服务端脚本。
- TCP 服务端(https://github.com/sipeed/MaixPy_scripts/blob/master/network/demo_socket_tcp_server.py)
- UDP 服务端(https://github.com/sipeed/MaixPy_scripts/blob/master/network/demo_socket_udp_server.py)
- TCP 图传 服务端(https://github.com/sipeed/MaixPy_scripts/blob/master/network/demo_socket_pic_server.py)
先起一个已知 IP 地址和端口的网络服务，等待 MaixPy 作为客户端发送数据过来服务器。
### 1.3. 典型客户端代码举例
- TCP
```
import socket
ADDR = ("192.168.0.107", 60000)
sock = socket.socket()
sock.connect(ADDR)
sock.settimeout(1)
while 1:
sock.send("hello\n")
#data = sock.recv(10) # old maxipy have bug (recv timeout no return last data)
#print(data) # fix
try:
data = b""
while True:
tmp = sock.recv(1)
print(tmp)
if len(tmp) == 0:
raise Exception('timeout or disconnected')
data += tmp
except Exception as e:
print("rcv:", len(data), data)
#time.sleep(2)
sock.close()
```
- UDP
```
import socket
ADDR = ("192.168.0.107", 60000)
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
sock.settimeout(1)
while 1:
try:
sock.sendto("hello\n", ADDR)
data, addr = sock.recvfrom(1024)
except Exception as e:
print("receive error:", e)
continue
print("addr:", addr, "data:", data)
time.sleep(2)
sock.close()
'''
>>>
raw REPL; CTRL-B to exit
>OK
network state: True ('192.168.0.186', '255.255.255.0', '192.168.0.1')
addr: ('192.168.0.107', 60000) data: b'HELLO\n'
addr: ('192.168.0.107', 60000) data: b'HELLO\n'
addr: ('192.168.0.107', 60000) data: b'HELLO\n'
'''
```
### 1.4. 其他网络功能
以下为特殊功能代码。
#### esp32 的 ping[](https://cn.maixpy.sipeed.com/zh/course/network/socket_usage.html#esp32-%E7%9A%84-ping)
- (https://github.com/sipeed/MaixPy_scripts/blob/master/network/demo_esp32_ping.py)
```
ESP32_SPI firmware version: 1.4.0
try AT connect wifi...
network state: True ('192.168.0.180', '255.255.255.0', '192.168.0.1')
ping baidu.com: 40 ms
>
MicroPython v0.5.1-136-g039f72b6c-dirty on 2020-11-18; Sipeed_M1 with kendryte-k210
Type "help()" for more information.
>>>
```
#### esp32 的 ADC[](https://cn.maixpy.sipeed.com/zh/course/network/socket_usage.html#esp32-%E7%9A%84-adc)
- (https://github.com/sipeed/MaixPy_scripts/blob/master/network/demo_esp32_read_adc.py)
```
MicroPython v0.5.1-136-g039f72b6c-dirty on 2020-11-18; Sipeed_M1 with kendryte-k210
Type "help()" for more information.
>>>
raw REPL; CTRL-B to exit
>OK
(2370, 3102, 3071)
2017 2753 0977 2709 0963 0855: adc
0617 0757 0150 0095 0133 0153: adc
1319 1478 0955 0939 0698 0619: adc
2403 3231 3299 3298 1483 0779: adc
1119 1815 1274 1315 0230 0255: adc
0951 0951 0295 0283 0319 0399: adc
2175 2769 2576 2579 1487 1104: adc
1995 2846 2647 2699 0839 0441: adc
```
> 其实 espAT 也是这样获取 ADC 的，但只能在指定的引脚上。
#### HTTP 的支持[](https://cn.maixpy.sipeed.com/zh/course/network/socket_usage.html#http-%E7%9A%84%E6%94%AF%E6%8C%81)
- (https://github.com/sipeed/MaixPy_scripts/blob/master/network/demo_http_get_jpg.py)
#### https 的支持[](https://cn.maixpy.sipeed.com/zh/course/network/socket_usage.html#https-%E7%9A%84%E6%94%AF%E6%8C%81)
该功能默认是不被编译的，但所以提供的是 HTTP 的使用方法，而 HTTP 和 HTTPS 只是路径 url 的区别，注意这个 https 的 IP 解析依赖于网卡固件，并不在 K210 上完成。
- (https://github.com/sipeed/MaixPy_scripts/blob/master/network/demo_socket_https.py)
#### esp32、82XX 的 scan WIFI AP 热点[](https://cn.maixpy.sipeed.com/zh/course/network/socket_usage.html#esp32%E3%80%8182xx-%E7%9A%84-scan-wifi-ap-%E7%83%AD%E7%82%B9)
- (https://github.com/sipeed/MaixPy_scripts/blob/master/network/demo_esp32_ap_scan.py)
- (https://github.com/sipeed/MaixPy_scripts/blob/master/network/demo_espat_ap_scan.py)
```
'''
>>>
raw REPL; CTRL-B to exit
>OK
SSID: Sipeed_2.4G , ENC:WPA/WPA2 PSK , RSSI: -57
SSID: ChinaNet-Ffdj , ENC:WPA/WPA2 PSK , RSSI: -58
SSID: wea_615 , ENC:WPA/WPA2 PSK , RSSI: -67
SSID: ChinaNet-PnAN , ENC:WPA/WPA2 PSK , RSSI: -70
SSID: wea_613 , ENC:WPA/WPA2 PSK , RSSI: -73
SSID: ChinaNet-TnSG , ENC:WPA/WPA2 PSK , RSSI: -82
SSID:chipshine_GUEST , ENC:WPA/WPA2 PSK , RSSI: -83
SSID: ASUS , ENC:WPA/WPA2 PSK , RSSI: -86
SSID: gta888 , ENC:WPA/WPA2 PSK , RSSI: -87
SSID: huahua , ENC:WPA/WPA2 PSK , RSSI: -88
>
MicroPython v0.5.1-136-g039f72b6c-dirty on 2020-11-18; Sipeed_M1 with kendryte-k210
Type "help()" for more information.
>>>
'''
```
#### mqtt 支持[](https://cn.maixpy.sipeed.com/zh/course/network/socket_usage.html#mqtt-%E6%94%AF%E6%8C%81)
这个是来自于 micropython 的官方仓库提供的代码，如果是商业用途，请将 socket 配置为非阻塞且添加 MQTT 保活的协议。
- (https://github.com/sipeed/MaixPy_scripts/blob/master/network/demo_socket_mqtt.py)
#### [](https://cn.maixpy.sipeed.com/zh/course/network/socket_usage.html#%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0-esp82xx-%E7%9A%84-at-%E5%9B%BA%E4%BB%B6)更新 ESP82XX 的 AT 固件[](https://cn.maixpy.sipeed.com/zh/course/network/socket_usage.html#%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0-esp82xx-%E7%9A%84-at-%E5%9B%BA%E4%BB%B6)
> 这是给 AT 固件提供的功能，懂的自然懂。
- (https://github.com/sipeed/MaixPy_scripts/blob/master/network/demo_espat_ap_test.py)
- (https://github.com/sipeed/MaixPy_scripts/blob/master/network/espat_upgrade.py)
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