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[入门教程] 【processing系列I】processing与arduino通信

首先，我们来解决一个问题，那就是processing与Arduino通信的意义何在。

processing擅长做视觉交互，arduino擅长做电子交互，两者相结合往往能产生出人意料的惊奇化学反应。 = =

比如 = = 你想做一个打地鼠的游戏

你就可以在processing里把地鼠们都安排好= =

然后，用arduino搞几个按键，或者拿个力度感应器，锤子一敲

地鼠就被灭掉啦啊哈哈哈哈哈哈

或者，你想在万圣节的时候搞个恶作剧 = =

你就可以搞个距离检测器（比如超声波、红外之类哒），然后当有人走进屋子的时候，偷偷地把灯关掉

然后触发processing编好的程序，用个大屏幕 = = 把贞子的视频调出来，再加点夸张的音效

啊哈哈哈哈哈哈哈！！

或者，你是个文艺青年（比如说老夫）

就可以做些交互艺术装置玩玩

当然还得有点人文关怀 = =

你可以猛戳下面这篇来速度了解各种可能性：
Processing与Arduino的互动

小白在这里直接请上大大们的项目视频

利用processing、arduino和webcam做的一个小机器人啊哈哈哈哈~~

这个是用arduino做画图控制器的啊哈哈哈哈~~~~~

啊然后如果你要做processing与arduino结合的应用的话，下面是arduino和processing通信的方式：

【方案一】
1. 打开Arduino软件，打开文件，路径：File -> Examples -> Firmata -> StandardFirmata并上传到Arduino中，等几秒，直到LED停止闪烁。
2. 在processing中导入arduino和serial库，在processing中添加一条

<font size="2" face="微软雅黑">arduino = new Arduino(this, Arduino.list()[0], 57600);</font>
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其中[0]是要连接的端口，运行以下代码

<font size="2" face="微软雅黑">import processing.serial.*;
import cc.arduino.*;
println(Arduino.list());</font>
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找出arduino所在端口，替换[0]
3. 接下来你就可以在processing里面写arduino代码啦~~~就是语法稍稍有点不一样，基本上就是在每一语句之前加上“arduino.”，具体看官方参考文档，下面有链接。
官方给出的例子：

<font size="2" face="微软雅黑">import processing.serial.*;
import cc.arduino.*;

Arduino arduino;
int ledPin = 13;

void setup()
{
  //println(Arduino.list());
  arduino = new Arduino(this, Arduino.list()[0], 57600);
  arduino.pinMode(ledPin, Arduino.OUTPUT);
}

void draw()
{
  arduino.digitalWrite(ledPin, Arduino.HIGH);
  delay(1000);
  arduino.digitalWrite(ledPin, Arduino.LOW);
  delay(1000);
}</font>
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【方案二】
这个方案个人觉得比较不太好用，不过它可以使你的arduino主要控制代码还是在arduino软件中完成。
1.写arduino代码，但是要将需要发送给processing的数据通过serial.print（）输出，下例是arduino代码,读取analog 0和1的数据并以0.5s的间隔时间以十进制输出：

<font size="2" face="微软雅黑">int AnalogPin0 = A0; //Declare an integer variable, hooked up to analog pin 0
int AnalogPin1 = A1; //Declare an integer variable, hooked up to analog pin 1

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600); //Begin Serial Communication with a baud rate of 9600
}

void loop() {
   //New variables are declared to store the readings of the respective pins
  int Value1 = analogRead(AnalogPin0);
  int Value2 = analogRead(AnalogPin1);
  
  /*The Serial.print() function does not execute a "return" or a space
      Also, the "," character is essential for parsing the values,
      The comma is not necessary after the last variable.*/
  
  Serial.print(Value1, DEC); 
  Serial.print(",");
  Serial.print(Value2, DEC);
  Serial.println();
  delay(500); // For illustration purposes only. This will slow down your program if not removed 
}</font>
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2.在processing中导入serial库，路径：Sketch-Import Library-serial，注意baud rate（波特率）要与前面的arduino程序相匹配，然后就能得到arduino中传输的数据啦。
下例是与上例相匹配的processing代码：

<font size="2" face="微软雅黑">/* 
ARDUINO TO PROCESSING

Read Serial messages from Arduino for use in Processing. 
*Even though Serial Library comes with install of Processing, upon first usage, you may be prompted to execute two sudo Terminal 
commands after entering your user password*

Created by Daniel Christopher 10/27/12
Public Domain

*/

import processing.serial.*; //import the Serial library

int end = 10;    // the number 10 is ASCII for linefeed (end of serial.println), later we will look for this to break up individual messages
String serial;   // declare a new string called 'serial' . A string is a sequence of characters (data type know as "char")
Serial port;  // The serial port, this is a new instance of the Serial class (an Object)

void setup() {
  port = new Serial(this, Serial.list()[0], 9600); // initializing the object by assigning a port and baud rate (must match that of Arduino)
  port.clear();  // function from serial library that throws out the first reading, in case we started reading in the middle of a string from Arduino
  serial = port.readStringUntil(end); // function that reads the string from serial port until a println and then assigns string to our string variable (called 'serial')
  serial = null; // initially, the string will be null (empty)
}

void draw() {
  while (port.available() > 0) { //as long as there is data coming from serial port, read it and store it 
    serial = port.readStringUntil(end);
  }
    if (serial != null) {  //if the string is not empty, print the following
    
    /*  Note: the split function used below is not necessary if sending only a single variable. However, it is useful for parsing (separating) messages when
        reading from multiple inputs in Arduino. Below is example code for an Arduino sketch
    */
    
      String[] a = split(serial, ',');  //a new array (called 'a') that stores values into separate cells (separated by commas specified in your Arduino program)
      println(a[0]); //print Value1 (in cell 1 of Array - remember that arrays are zero-indexed)
      println(a[1]); //print Value2 value
    }
}</font>
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