用行空板语音命令实现橱柜自动开关
本帖最后由 zoey不种土豆 于 2024-10-16 13:54 编辑项目概述
本次分享的社区优秀案例是一个基于行空板和FireBeetle ESP32 实现的无障碍家庭项目———用语音控制的自动开关橱柜。通过语音控制柜门自动开关，来方便居家日常生活，也可用来改善因家庭空间或动线不合理带来的橱柜取用困难问题，或是为行动不便的残障人士减少居家生活中的困难。（注：原作者还分享了一个通过接近式传感器控制自动开关的方案，如果有兴趣，可以看到文末阅读原文）
本项目不只局限于设计智能自动开关橱柜，还整合了智能厨房解决方案，大家还可以基于此项目来添加更多设备，并使这些定制设备更易于使用。
在设计方案时，考虑到有多个橱柜的情况，计划对不同橱柜设置不同的名字来语音激活。
本次项目的构思主要有以下有 3 个部分：
1.发出“打开”或“关闭”指令的设备。
2.负责开启和关闭智能橱柜的设备。
3.作为中介，能监听传入的指令，并将它们分发给正在等待激活指令的智能设备。
项目构思视图
用品清单
硬件
行空板 ×1
DFRobot FireBeetle ESP32 ×1
M5Stack CM4Stack 开发套件 ×1
SG90 微型伺服电机 ×若干
软件
Arduino IDE
Mind+
Thonny
项目过程
想要控制橱柜的智能开关，可通过使用IFTTT（If This Then That，基于任务的触发）来轻松集成语音命令的方法。这个IFTTT设置是一个易于理解的方法，用于为已有设备添加语音命令。
IFTTT的工作原理：
1.触发器（This）：这是配方的起始点，可以是特定服务上的事件，如收到新邮件、日历上的新事件、社交媒体上的新帖子等。
2.动作（That）：这是触发器发生后要执行的操作，可以是发送通知、发送邮件、控制智能家居设备等。
3.频道（channel）：将触发器和动作结合起来的规则，用户可以创建多个频道来自动化不同的任务。
IFTTT的界面简单直观，使得即使是没有编程背景的用户也能轻松创建和使用配方。
作者使用的是安卓和谷歌设备，通过Google助手添加语音命令开始。
可以设置场景命名，本项目命名为 "sink cabinet"
对于 “if this then that” 的 “that” 部分，选择 webhook。按如下所示进行设置，可以正常运行。
由于IFTTT通过外部服务工作，所以外部IP地址会用于智能家居设备。如果您不想使用IFTTT或包含外部IP，我们的解决方案将也包括一个完全内部的设置——智能厨房的自定义中心。
智能化厨房
使用CM4Stack 开发套件与 Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 设置智能家庭设备。
目标是将其设置通用到可以添加更多新设备。编写一个设置了Flask服务器的Python脚本，等待接收命令，然后将命令发布到同一服务上的MQTT主题。这样，像ESP32这样的设备就可以轻松接收到“cabinet”命令。
设置
开始编码之前，在 CM4Stack 上完成设置，只需复制粘贴下面的许多命令即可。只需将特定字段更新为您想要的内容，例如您的用户名和密码。
安装和配置 Mosquitto （MQTT Broker）：
通过安装 Mosquitto MQTT 代理来设置 Mosquitto MQTT 代理：
接下来，将 Mosquitto 配置为侦听所有网络接口并设置身份验证。编辑 Mosquitto 配置文件：
在文件末尾添加以下内容：
创建密码文件并添加用户（在此文件中更改用户名）：
系统会提示设置密码。然后，重新启动 Mosquitto 以应用更改：
配置网络：
通过编辑 DHCP 客户端配置文件，确保设备具有静态 IP 地址。这样，当重启时，不需要更新所有连接的设备：
添加以下行：
再次重启：
配置防火墙：
需要确保某些端口是打开的：
设置环境变量：
最后需要设置 Python 脚本将使用的环境变量，根据需要更新下面的值：
到此为止，您应该已经准备好运行我们在本节开头讨论的程序了。代码包含在项目中。只需确保在代码中更新值以匹配您刚才设置的值，并且一切都应该立即正常工作。
按需要添加更多橱柜
如果想添加更多橱柜，也很容易实现更改。这里添加了第二个伺服器并扩展了程序。我们不再只监听“cabinet”，而是监听特定的橱柜。因此，程序将改为监听“dishwasher cabinet”和“stove cabinet”。这感觉更像是实际使用时的更真实表现。
如介绍 Flask 服务器设置的部分所述，不需要在那里进行任何修改。
自定义语音命令
行空板配有一个内置麦克风，可以进行语音命令设置。通过设置一个简单的 python 脚本，可以让行空板作为通过刚设置的 CM4Stack 的 Flask 服务器运行语音命令的一种方法，然后转到我们刚刚构建的 Smart Cabinet 等设备。
通过 Mind+ 运行，监听语音命令，我们监听语音命令，当我们听到单词“butler”时，将随后的单词发送到Flask服务器。然后这些命令会传输到家中的设备，包括我们的智能开关橱柜。“Butler”作为触发词，就像你说“小爱同学”或“Hey Siri”一样，同时也很容易更改。
实现这个功能，需要以下两个库：
可以通过 Mind+ 中的 Library Management 选项卡进行安装。
需要通过 ssh 连接到 行空板 并运行以下命令，否则您将遇到 Google api 错误：
sudo apt-get install flac
项目总结
这套可以自动运行的智能橱柜完成了！可选择自动运行，或作为智能家居中心，为未来的自定义智能家居项目做准备，可以通过语音命令控制这些自定义的智能家居项目。希望这个项目可以帮助到有需要的人，为他们带来无障碍体验的居家生活。
希望大家喜欢这个项目。
附件
1.Smart Cabinets 原理图
控制 2 个舵机，来演示使用 ESP32 控制多个橱柜
voice_controller.py
在行空板上运行，以侦听语音命令，然后这些命令可以与 Flask 服务器通信并控制我们的橱柜
<div data-page-id="YqyEdhFqao7fmGxKfa2cALV3nOc" data-lark-html-role="root" data-docx-has-block-data="false"><pre class="ace-line ace-line old-record-id-AREPdjLz1omexTxZYxBc2qg5nWg"><code class="language-Python" data-lark-language="Python" data-wrap="false"># -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import sys
import speech_recognition as sr
import time
import paho.mqtt.publish as publish
# MQTT Broker Settings
BROKER = "192.168.86.84"# Change to your MQTT broker's IP address - this is the default one
PORT = 1883
TOPIC = "home/<topic>"
USERNAME = "<username>"# Change to your MQTT username
PASSWORD = "<password>"# Change to your MQTT password
said_butler = False# To check if the last word we heard was "butler" so we know to send the next word(s) as a command
def listen_for_commands(recognizer, audio):
global said_butler
"""Callback function that processes the audio as soon as it is available."""
try:
# Recognize speech using Google's speech recognition
command = recognizer.recognize_google(audio).lower()
print("You said:", command)
# Check if the command contains the wake word 'butler'
if 'butler' in command:
said_butler = True# Set flag to true to send next commands
command = command.split('butler', 1).strip()# Get everything after 'butler'
if said_butler and command:# If the flag is set and there is a command
print("Command received:", command)
words = command.split()
if len(words) > 0:
first_word = words
print("First word received:", first_word)
# Send the first word as a separate command to the MQTT broker
publish.single(TOPIC, first_word, hostname=BROKER, port=PORT, auth={'username': USERNAME, 'password': PASSWORD})
# Send the full command to the MQTT broker
publish.single(TOPIC, command, hostname=BROKER, port=PORT, auth={'username': USERNAME, 'password': PASSWORD})
print("Commands sent to the Flask server via MQTT.")
said_butler = False# Reset flag after command is sent
except sr.UnknownValueError:
print("Google Speech Recognition could not understand the audio")
except sr.RequestError as e:
print(f"Could not request results from Google Speech Recognition service; {e}")
def main():
# Initialize recognizer class (for recognizing the speech)
recognizer = sr.Recognizer()
microphone = sr.Microphone()
# Adjust the recognizer sensitivity to ambient noise and record audio
with microphone as source:
recognizer.adjust_for_ambient_noise(source)
print("Set minimum energy threshold to:", recognizer.energy_threshold)
recognizer.pause_threshold = 0.8# Adjust based on testing; default is 0.8 seconds
recognizer.non_speaking_duration = 0.4# Adjust based on testing; default is 0.5 seconds
# Start listening in the background (non-blocking)
stop_listening = recognizer.listen_in_background(microphone, listen_for_commands, phrase_time_limit=5)
# Keep the main thread alive, or the background listener will stop
try:
while True:
time.sleep(0.1)# Sleep briefly to limit CPU usage
except KeyboardInterrupt:
stop_listening(wait_for_stop=False)# Stop listening when Ctrl+C is pressed
print("Stopped listening...")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
SmartCabinetsPlural_Generified.ino
这是一个如何让一个微控制器运行多个 smart cabinet 的示例，以及演示处理多个 cabinets 的一般逻辑调整。<div data-page-id="YqyEdhFqao7fmGxKfa2cALV3nOc" data-lark-html-role="root" data-docx-has-block-data="false"><pre class="ace-line ace-line old-record-id-EucJdUwITodnFyxYjmmcF5aCnYA"><code class="language-Python" data-lark-language="Python" data-wrap="false">#include <WiFi.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>
#include <ESP32Servo.h>
const char* ssid = "<Your Wifi>";
const char* password = "<Your wifi password>";
//MQTT Broker settings
const char* mqtt_server = "<server ip>";// MQTT broker IP address
const int mqtt_port = 1883;
const char* mqtt_user = "<usernames>";
const char* mqtt_password = "<password>";
const char* mqtt_topic = "home/<topic>";
//Servo settings
const int servoPinDishwasher = 32;
const int servoPinStove = 33;
Servo servoDishwasher;
Servo servoStove;
int servoOpenPosition = 180;// Position to open the cabinet - change as needed
int servoClosePosition = 0; // Position to close the cabinet - change as needed
bool isDishwasherOpen = false;
bool isStoveOpen = false;
WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient client(espClient);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
delay(5000);
servoDishwasher.attach(servoPinDishwasher);
servoStove.attach(servoPinStove);
servoDishwasher.write(servoClosePosition);
servoStove.write(servoClosePosition);
setup_wifi();
client.setServer(mqtt_server, mqtt_port);
client.setCallback(callback);
}
void setup_wifi() {
Serial.print("Connecting to ");
Serial.println(ssid);
WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
delay(500);
Serial.print(".");
}
Serial.println("WiFi connected");
Serial.println("IP address: ");
Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}
void callback(char* topic, byte* message, unsigned int length) {
Serial.print("Message arrived on topic: ");
Serial.print(topic);
Serial.print(". Message: ");
String messageTemp;
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
messageTemp += (char)message;
}
Serial.println(messageTemp);
// Check to use specific cabinets
if (messageTemp == "dishwasher cabinet") {
if (isDishwasherOpen) {
servoDishwasher.write(servoClosePosition);
isDishwasherOpen = false;
Serial.println("Dishwasher Cabinet closed");
} else {
servoDishwasher.write(servoOpenPosition);
isDishwasherOpen = true;
Serial.println("Dishwasher Cabinet opened");
}
} else if (messageTemp == "stove cabinet") {
if (isStoveOpen) {
servoStove.write(servoClosePosition);
isStoveOpen = false;
Serial.println("Stove Cabinet closed");
} else {
servoStove.write(servoOpenPosition);
isStoveOpen = true;
Serial.println("Stove Cabinet opened");
}
}
}
void reconnect() {
while (!client.connected()) {
Serial.print("Attempting MQTT connection...");
if (client.connect("ESP32Client", mqtt_user, mqtt_password)) {
Serial.println("connected");
client.subscribe(mqtt_topic);
} else {
Serial.print("failed, rc=");
Serial.print(client.state());
Serial.println(" try again in 5 seconds");
delay(5000);
}
}
}
void loop() {
if (!client.connected()) {
reconnect();
}
client.loop();
}
smartCabinet_Generified.ino
在 ESP32 上运行的单个智能橱柜的代码。
<div data-page-id="YqyEdhFqao7fmGxKfa2cALV3nOc" data-lark-html-role="root" data-docx-has-block-data="false"><pre class="ace-line ace-line old-record-id-PodidFet0oNpANxwe34cNuuZnog"><code class="language-Python" data-lark-language="Python" data-wrap="false">#include <WiFi.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>
#include <ESP32Servo.h>
const char* ssid = "<Your Wifi>";
const char* password = "<Your wifi password>";
//MQTT Broker settings
const char* mqtt_server = "<server ip>";// MQTT broker IP address
const int mqtt_port = 1883;
const char* mqtt_user = "<usernames>";
const char* mqtt_password = "<password>";
const char* mqtt_topic = "home/<topic>";
const int servoPin = 32;
Servo myServo;
int servoOpenPosition = 180;// Position to open the cabinet - change as needed
int servoClosePosition = 0; // Position to close the cabinet - change as needed
bool isCabinetOpen = false; // Initial state of the cabinet
WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient client(espClient);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);// Lowering baud rate for troubleshooting
delay(5000);
myServo.attach(servoPin);
myServo.write(servoClosePosition);// Ensure servo starts in the closed position
setup_wifi();
client.setServer(mqtt_server, mqtt_port);
client.setCallback(callback);
}
void setup_wifi() {
delay(10);
Serial.println();
Serial.print("Connecting to ");
Serial.println(ssid);
WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
delay(500);
Serial.print(".");
}
Serial.println("");
Serial.println("WiFi connected");
Serial.println("IP address: ");
Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}
void callback(char* topic, byte* message, unsigned int length) {
Serial.print("Message arrived on topic: ");
Serial.print(topic);
Serial.print(". Message: ");
String messageTemp;
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
Serial.print((char)message);
messageTemp += (char)message;
}
Serial.println();
if (messageTemp == "cabinet") {
if (isCabinetOpen) {
myServo.write(servoClosePosition);
isCabinetOpen = false;
Serial.println("Cabinet closed");
} else {
myServo.write(servoOpenPosition);
isCabinetOpen = true;
Serial.println("Cabinet opened");
}
}
}
void reconnect() {
while (!client.connected()) {
Serial.print("Attempting MQTT connection...");
if (client.connect("ESP32Client", mqtt_user, mqtt_password)) {
Serial.println("connected");
// Subscribe to the topic
client.subscribe(mqtt_topic);
} else {
Serial.print("failed, rc=");
Serial.print(client.state());
Serial.println(" try again in 5 seconds");
delay(5000);
}
}
}
void loop() {
if (!client.connected()) {
reconnect();
}
client.loop();
}
smart_house.py
用来在 CM4Stack 上运行 Flask 服务器的方法，充当发出语音命令和 Smart Cabinet 之间的中间人。<div data-page-id="YqyEdhFqao7fmGxKfa2cALV3nOc" data-lark-html-role="root" data-docx-has-block-data="false"><pre class="ace-line ace-line old-record-id-Z3LXduqgeog1WdxFiVCcV9K6nib"><code class="language-Python" data-lark-language="Python" data-wrap="false">from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
import logging
import os
# Configuration parameters
broker_address = os.getenv('MQTT_BROKER_ADDRESS', '192.168.86.84')# Default to internal IP address
mqtt_topic = os.getenv('MQTT_TOPIC', 'home/<topic>')
http_server_port = int(os.getenv('HTTP_SERVER_PORT', 5000))
mqtt_username = os.getenv('MQTT_USERNAME', '<username>')
mqtt_password = os.getenv('MQTT_PASSWORD', '<password>')
# Create Flask app
app = Flask(__name__)
# Setup logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
# MQTT setup
mqtt_client = mqtt.Client(client_id="<client id>", protocol=mqtt.MQTTv311)
mqtt_client.username_pw_set(username=mqtt_username, password=mqtt_password)
# Define on_connect callback
def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc):
if rc == 0:
logging.info("Connected to MQTT Broker")
client.subscribe(mqtt_topic)
elif rc == 5:
logging.error("Authentication failed - check username and password")
else:
logging.error(f"Failed to connect, return code {rc}")
# Define on_message callback
def on_message(client, userdata, message):
logging.info(f"Received message: {message.payload.decode()} on topic {message.topic}")
mqtt_client.on_connect = on_connect
mqtt_client.on_message = on_message
try:
mqtt_client.connect(broker_address)
mqtt_client.loop_start()
except Exception as e:
logging.error(f"Failed to connect to MQTT Broker: {e}")
@app.route('/command', methods=['POST'])
def handle_command():
try:
data = request.json
action = data.get('action', '')
if action:
mqtt_client.publish(mqtt_topic, action)
logging.info(f"Command '{action}' sent to MQTT topic.")
return jsonify({"status": "success", "message": f"Command '{action}' sent to MQTT topic."}), 200
logging.warning("No action specified in the command.")
return jsonify({"status": "error", "message": "No action specified in the command."}), 400
except Exception as e:
logging.error(f"Error handling command: {e}")
return jsonify({"status": "error", "message": "Failed to process command."}), 500
if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=http_server_port)
except Exception as e:
logging.error(f"Exception occurred: {e}")
finally:
mqtt_client.loop_stop()
mqtt_client.disconnect()
作者：donutsorelse
发布时间：2024.09.05
原文链接：Smart Cabinets with a Custom Smart Home
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