用Python做一个下五子棋的“AI”
本帖最后由 TRIM 于 2024-2-26 18:54 编辑和AI下棋？当然，我在这个项目中并没有使用AI类的模块，但是，我通过对每一个坐标的计算，让这个程序几乎可以堵住任何情况下的黑子
相关函数请见代码中的the_chance_to_win()
仅仅是堵住？好吧，内容还没有完善，这个“AI”只会防守，不会进攻
“易守难攻”嘛！
但即使是这样，你也不一定下得过它哟！
程序代码放在最后面了，我打包了应用程序，可以直接游玩：
点此下载[gobang10200.exe]
当然，这并不是完全“智能”的。如果你可以找到其中的漏洞，并提出修改建议，那就更好啦！
操作方法：鼠标控制棋子落下，空格键重开
想看看它到底是怎么实现的？代码如下
import sys
import random
import pygame
# 画棋盘
def draw_chessboard():
window.fill((219, 182, 123))
# pygame.draw.rect(window, (0, 0, 0), (2, 2, 758, 758), 4)
pygame.draw.rect(window, (0, 0, 0), (20, 20, 720, 720), 2)
for x in range(1, 18):
pygame.draw.line(window, (0, 0, 0), (x * 40 + 20, 20), (x * 40 + 20, 739), 2)
for y in range(1, 18):
pygame.draw.line(window, (0, 0, 0), (20, y * 40 + 20), (739, y * 40 + 20), 2)
pygame.draw.circle(window, (0, 0, 0), (141, 141), 6, 0)
pygame.draw.circle(window, (0, 0, 0), (381, 141), 6, 0)
pygame.draw.circle(window, (0, 0, 0), (621, 141), 6, 0)
pygame.draw.circle(window, (0, 0, 0), (141, 381), 6, 0)
pygame.draw.circle(window, (0, 0, 0), (381, 381), 6, 0)
pygame.draw.circle(window, (0, 0, 0), (621, 381), 6, 0)
pygame.draw.circle(window, (0, 0, 0), (141, 621), 6, 0)
pygame.draw.circle(window, (0, 0, 0), (381, 621), 6, 0)
pygame.draw.circle(window, (0, 0, 0), (621, 621), 6, 0)
text = font_30.render(tips, True, (255, 255, 255))
window.blit(text, (760, 365))
# 刷新棋盘
def chessboard_refresh():
draw_chessboard()
for black_coordinate in black_coordinate_list:
pygame.draw.circle(window, (0, 0, 0),
((black_coordinate - 1) * 40 + 21, (black_coordinate - 1) * 40 + 21), 17, 0)
for white_coordinate in white_coordinate_list:
pygame.draw.circle(window, (255, 255, 255),
((white_coordinate - 1) * 40 + 21, (white_coordinate - 1) * 40 + 21), 17, 0)
# 将鼠标点击坐标转换成棋盘坐标
def mouse_coordinate_to_chessboard_coordinate(mouse_x, mouse_y):
if mouse_x > 762 or mouse_y > 762:
return "out of range"
else:
return int((mouse_x - 2) / 40) + 1, int((mouse_y - 2) / 40) + 1
# 放置棋子
def place_chess(chessboard_coordinate_f, side_f):
if side_f == "black":
black_coordinate_list.append(chessboard_coordinate_f)
if side_f == "white":
white_coordinate_list.append(chessboard_coordinate_f)
# 检查是否有某一方胜利
def check_chess():
winner = " "
for x in range(1, 20):
for y in range(1, 20):
# 检查白子
count = 0
for near_x in range(-2, 3):
if (x + near_x, y) in white_coordinate_list:
count += 1
if count == 5:
winner = "white"
count = 0
for near_y in range(-2, 3):
if (x, y + near_y) in white_coordinate_list:
count += 1
if count == 5:
winner = "white"
count = 0
for near in range(-2, 3):
if (x + near, y + near) in white_coordinate_list:
count += 1
if count == 5:
winner = "white"
count = 0
for near in range(-2, 3):
if (x + near, y - near) in white_coordinate_list:
count += 1
if count == 5:
winner = "white"
# 检查黑子
count = 0
for near_x in range(-2, 3):
if (x + near_x, y) in black_coordinate_list:
count += 1
if count == 5:
winner = "black"
count = 0
for near_y in range(-2, 3):
if (x, y + near_y) in black_coordinate_list:
count += 1
if count == 5:
winner = "black"
count = 0
for near in range(-2, 3):
if (x + near, y + near) in black_coordinate_list:
count += 1
if count == 5:
winner = "black"
count = 0
for near in range(-2, 3):
if (x + near, y - near) in black_coordinate_list:
count += 1
if count == 5:
winner = "black"
return winner
# 白子下此坐标，能赢的机会
def the_chance_to_win(x, y):# edge_■ empty_▫ black_● white_◌
global text_tp
total_chance = 0
text_tp += "水平方向:" + "\n"
# 水平方向，堵住黑子的个数
# 先获得该坐标附近9点的状态
chess_list_first = []
for i in range(-4,5):
if i == 0:
chess_list_first.append("◉")
elif x + i < 1 or x + i > 19:
chess_list_first.append("■")
elif (x + i, y) in black_coordinate_list:
chess_list_first.append("●")
elif (x + i, y) in white_coordinate_list:
chess_list_first.append("◌")
else:
chess_list_first.append("▫")
# 列表n1：排除从中间开始，已被白子挡住的黑子
list_slice_head = 0
list_slice_end = 9
for i in range (1,5):
if chess_list_first == "◌" or chess_list_first == "■":
if list_slice_head == 0:
list_slice_head = 5 - i
if chess_list_first == "◌" or chess_list_first == "■":
if list_slice_end == 9:
list_slice_end = 4 + i
chess_list_n1 = chess_list_first
# 列表n2：从中间开始，与当前坐标紧紧相连的黑子
list_slice_head = 0
list_slice_end = 9
for i in range (1,5):
if chess_list_first == "▫" or chess_list_first == "◌":
if list_slice_head == 0:
list_slice_head = 5 - i
if chess_list_first == "▫" or chess_list_first == "◌":
if list_slice_end == 9:
list_slice_end = 4 + i
chess_list_n2 = chess_list_first
du_zhu = 1
try:
if (x + list_slice_head - 5,y) in white_coordinate_list or x + list_slice_head - 5 < 1:
du_zhu += 0.5
except:
pass
try:
if (x + list_slice_end - 4,y) in white_coordinate_list or x + list_slice_end - 4 > 19:
du_zhu += 0.5
except:
pass
total_chance += chess_list_n2.count("●") * chess_list_n2.count("●")
total_chance += chess_list_n1.count("●")
if chess_list_n2.count("●") == 3 and du_zhu <= 1:
total_chance += 99999
if chess_list_n2.count("●") == 4 and du_zhu <= 1.5:
total_chance += 99999
if chess_list_n2.count("●") == 5 and du_zhu <= 2:
total_chance += 114514
try:
total_chance /= du_zhu
except:
pass
text_tp += "chess_list_first:" + str(chess_list_first) + "\n"
text_tp += "chess_list_n1:" + str(chess_list_n1) + "\n"
text_tp += "chess_list_n2:" + str(chess_list_n2) + "\n"
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
text_tp += "竖直方向:" + "\n"
# 竖直方向，堵住黑子的个数
# 先获得该坐标附近9点的状态
chess_list_first = []
for i in range(-4,5):
if i == 0:
chess_list_first.append("◉")
elif y + i < 1 or y + i > 19:
chess_list_first.append("■")
elif (x, y + i) in black_coordinate_list:
chess_list_first.append("●")
elif (x, y + i) in white_coordinate_list:
chess_list_first.append("◌")
else:
chess_list_first.append("▫")
# 列表n1：排除从中间开始，已被白子挡住的黑子
list_slice_head = 0
list_slice_end = 9
for i in range (1,5):
if chess_list_first == "◌" or chess_list_first == "■":
if list_slice_head == 0:
list_slice_head = 5 - i
if chess_list_first == "◌" or chess_list_first == "■":
if list_slice_end == 9:
list_slice_end = 4 + i
chess_list_n1 = chess_list_first
# 列表n2：从中间开始，与当前坐标紧紧相连的黑子
list_slice_head = 0
list_slice_end = 9
for i in range (1,5):
if chess_list_first == "▫" or chess_list_first == "◌":
if list_slice_head == 0:
list_slice_head = 5 - i
if chess_list_first == "▫" or chess_list_first == "◌":
if list_slice_end == 9:
list_slice_end = 4 + i
chess_list_n2 = chess_list_first
du_zhu = 1
try:
if (x,y + list_slice_head - 5) in white_coordinate_list or y + list_slice_head - 5 < 1:
du_zhu += 0.5
except:
pass
try:
if (x,y + list_slice_end - 4) in white_coordinate_list or y + list_slice_end - 4 > 19:
du_zhu += 0.5
except:
pass
total_chance += chess_list_n2.count("●") * chess_list_n2.count("●")
total_chance += chess_list_n1.count("●")
if chess_list_n2.count("●") == 3 and du_zhu <= 1:
total_chance += 99999
if chess_list_n2.count("●") == 4 and du_zhu <= 1.5:
total_chance += 99999
if chess_list_n2.count("●") == 5 and du_zhu <= 2:
total_chance += 114514
try:
total_chance /= du_zhu
except:
pass
text_tp += "chess_list_first:" + str(chess_list_first) + "\n"
text_tp += "chess_list_n1:" + str(chess_list_n1) + "\n"
text_tp += "chess_list_n2:" + str(chess_list_n2) + "\n"
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
text_tp += "斜向下方向:" + "\n"
# 斜向下方向，堵住黑子的个数
# 先获得该坐标附近9点的状态
chess_list_first = []
for i in range(-4,5):
if i == 0:
chess_list_first.append("◉")
elif x + i < 1 or x + i > 19 or y + i < 1 or y + i > 19:
chess_list_first.append("■")
elif (x + i, y + i) in black_coordinate_list:
chess_list_first.append("●")
elif (x + i, y + i) in white_coordinate_list:
chess_list_first.append("◌")
else:
chess_list_first.append("▫")
# 列表n1：排除从中间开始，已被白子挡住的黑子
list_slice_head = 0
list_slice_end = 9
for i in range (1,5):
if chess_list_first == "◌" or chess_list_first == "■":
if list_slice_head == 0:
list_slice_head = 5 - i
if chess_list_first == "◌" or chess_list_first == "■":
if list_slice_end == 9:
list_slice_end = 4 + i
chess_list_n1 = chess_list_first
# 列表n2：从中间开始，与当前坐标紧紧相连的黑子
list_slice_head = 0
list_slice_end = 9
for i in range (1,5):
if chess_list_first == "▫" or chess_list_first == "◌":
if list_slice_head == 0:
list_slice_head = 5 - i
if chess_list_first == "▫" or chess_list_first == "◌":
if list_slice_end == 9:
list_slice_end = 4 + i
chess_list_n2 = chess_list_first
du_zhu = 1
try:
if (x + list_slice_head - 5,y + list_slice_head - 5) in white_coordinate_list or x + list_slice_head - 5 < 1 or y + list_slice_head - 5 < 1:
du_zhu += 0.5
except:
pass
try:
if (x + list_slice_end - 4,y + list_slice_end - 4) in white_coordinate_list or x + list_slice_end - 4 > 19 or y + list_slice_end - 4 > 19:
du_zhu += 0.5
except:
pass
total_chance += chess_list_n2.count("●") * chess_list_n2.count("●")
total_chance += chess_list_n1.count("●")
if chess_list_n2.count("●") == 3 and du_zhu <= 1:
total_chance += 99999
if chess_list_n2.count("●") == 4 and du_zhu <= 1.5:
total_chance += 99999
if chess_list_n2.count("●") == 5 and du_zhu <= 2:
total_chance += 114514
try:
total_chance /= du_zhu
except:
pass
text_tp += "chess_list_first:" + str(chess_list_first) + "\n"
text_tp += "chess_list_n1:" + str(chess_list_n1) + "\n"
text_tp += "chess_list_n2:" + str(chess_list_n2) + "\n"
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
text_tp += "斜向上方向:" + "\n"
# 斜向上方向，堵住黑子的个数
# 先获得该坐标附近9点的状态
chess_list_first = []
for i in range(-4,5):
if i == 0:
chess_list_first.append("◉")
elif x + i < 1 or x + i > 19 or y - i < 1 or y - i > 19:
chess_list_first.append("■")
elif (x + i, y - i) in black_coordinate_list:
chess_list_first.append("●")
elif (x + i, y - i) in white_coordinate_list:
chess_list_first.append("◌")
else:
chess_list_first.append("▫")
# 列表n1：排除从中间开始，已被白子挡住的黑子
list_slice_head = 0
list_slice_end = 9
for i in range (1,5):
if chess_list_first == "◌" or chess_list_first == "■":
if list_slice_head == 0:
list_slice_head = 5 - i
if chess_list_first == "◌" or chess_list_first == "■":
if list_slice_end == 9:
list_slice_end = 4 + i
chess_list_n1 = chess_list_first
# 列表n2：从中间开始，与当前坐标紧紧相连的黑子
list_slice_head = 0
list_slice_end = 9
for i in range (1,5):
if chess_list_first == "▫" or chess_list_first == "◌":
if list_slice_head == 0:
list_slice_head = 5 - i
if chess_list_first == "▫" or chess_list_first == "◌":
if list_slice_end == 9:
list_slice_end = 4 + i
chess_list_n2 = chess_list_first
du_zhu = 1
try:
if (x + list_slice_head - 5,y - list_slice_head + 5) in white_coordinate_list or x + list_slice_head - 5 < 1 or y - list_slice_head + 5 < 1:
du_zhu += 0.5
except:
pass
try:
if (x + list_slice_end - 4,y - list_slice_end + 4) in white_coordinate_list or x + list_slice_end - 4 > 19 or y - list_slice_end + 4 > 19:
du_zhu += 0.5
except:
pass
total_chance += chess_list_n2.count("●") * chess_list_n2.count("●")
total_chance += chess_list_n1.count("●")
if chess_list_n2.count("●") == 3 and du_zhu <= 1:
total_chance += 99999
if chess_list_n2.count("●") == 4 and du_zhu <= 1.5:
total_chance += 99999
if chess_list_n2.count("●") == 5 and du_zhu <= 2:
total_chance += 114514
try:
total_chance /= du_zhu
except:
pass
text_tp += "chess_list_first:" + str(chess_list_first) + "\n"
text_tp += "chess_list_n1:" + str(chess_list_n1) + "\n"
text_tp += "chess_list_n2:" + str(chess_list_n2) + "\n"
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if (x,y) in black_coordinate_list or (x,y) in white_coordinate_list:
total_chance = -1
return total_chance
# 初始化
pygame.init()
part_add = 0
delta_list_add = 1
black_coordinate_list = []
white_coordinate_list = []
tips = " "
game_mode = "start"
window = pygame.display.set_mode((1000, 762))
font_30 = pygame.font.Font("C:\\Windows\\Fonts\\simhei.ttf", 30)
draw_chessboard()
pygame.display.flip()
side = "black"
# 主循环
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
# 检测退出
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
# 按空格重开
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
black_coordinate_list = []
white_coordinate_list = []
tips = " "
game_mode = "start"
draw_chessboard()
pygame.display.flip()
side = "black"
# 鼠标按下后
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
if game_mode == "end":
black_coordinate_list = []
white_coordinate_list = []
tips = " "
game_mode = "start"
draw_chessboard()
pygame.display.flip()
side = "black"
chessboard_coordinate = mouse_coordinate_to_chessboard_coordinate(event.pos, event.pos)
if not chessboard_coordinate == "out of range":
if chessboard_coordinate not in black_coordinate_list and chessboard_coordinate not in white_coordinate_list:
place_chess(chessboard_coordinate, side)
total_chance = 0
chance_xy = [(10, 10)]
text_tp = ""
text_tp += "edge_■ empty_▫ black_● white_◌\n"
# 逐一计算每个坐标的概率
for x in range(1, 20):
for y in range(1, 20):
text_tp += "--------------------------------------------------\n坐标：(" + str(x) + "," + str(y) + ")\n"
self_chance = the_chance_to_win(x, y)
text_tp += "总共\nchance:" + str(self_chance) + "\n"
if self_chance > total_chance:
total_chance = self_chance
chance_xy = [(x, y)]
elif self_chance == total_chance:
chance_xy.append((x, y))
# 下面这行启用后，会输出7000行多的内容，感兴趣的可自行查看（可能会非常卡）
# print(text_tp)
last_chance_xy = random.choice(chance_xy)
place_chess(last_chance_xy, "white")
side = "black"
if check_chess() == "black":
tips = "黑棋获胜"
game_mode = "end"
elif check_chess() == "white":
tips = "白棋获胜"
game_mode = "end"
draw_chessboard()
chessboard_refresh()
pygame.display.flip()
'''
Gobang by TRIM
V 1.2.0
'''
学习学习 厉害厉害 很棒，但它虽然会堵住三颗连子，但它无法优势最大化，当它连成四颗时，还是会去堵对方的三颗子，建议加一条如果AI连成四颗ＡＩ便先连AI的。if AI ＝＝ ４：（换行）（缩进）AI ＝ ５，类似这样，但我不是很懂 影神 发表于 2024-2-25 20:17
很棒，但它虽然会堵住三颗连子，但它无法优势最大化，当它连成四颗时，还是会去堵对方的三颗子，建议加一条 ...
好的，谢谢！目前只做了防守，但自己进攻还没做到（需要它自己权衡利弊，有点难），但应该快搞好了
厉害厉害
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