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[入门教程] 【2020】掌控板获取浙江肺炎疫情并带文字查询功能 |
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一、缘起 论坛有多篇内容提到疫情信息的获取问题，笔者也很关注疫情情况，所以这里也想用掌控板进行获取了解。 当然为了以示区别，主要说明和别人不同的地方。至于为什么用代码而不用积木块，是因为习惯了代码编写。但代码的内容都是可以用积木块还原的。有时候，用积木块确实能加速实现过程，比如说，本文中的按键事件代码 就是由积木块直接生成的。 二、代码解析 1.获取的API，是使用别人已经提供的地址：https://lab.isaaclin.cn/nCoV/ ， 因为有其他文章已经介绍过了，这里不展开讲。主要是获取json化后的内容的获取：  [mw_shl_code=python,false]get_url = 'https://lab.isaaclin.cn/nCoV/api/area?&province=浙江省' _response = urequests.get(get_url, headers={"Content-Type":"application/json"},) resp_json = _response.json()[/mw_shl_code] micropython提供的 urequests模块有提供 json()方法，可以直接使用。 拿到了数据后，剩下的就是字典和列表的嵌套解析了，需要了解的读者请自行搜索吧，这里不展开讲了。 [mw_shl_code=python,false]provinceShortName_Count = resp_json['results'][0]['confirmedCount'] provinceShortName_curedCount = resp_json['results'][0]['curedCount'] provinceShortName_suspectedCount = resp_json['results'][0]['suspectedCount'] provinceShortName_deadCount = resp_json['results'][0]['deadCount'] provinceShortName_updateTime = resp_json['results'][0]['updateTime'][/mw_shl_code]  2.这里先说第一个坑： 因为API获取的信息里有updateTime的字段，这个字段是用timestamp（时间戳）表示的， 当然时间戳是可以转换为当前时间的，还好掌控板的mpy导入的time库有[mw_shl_code=python,false]time.localtime()[/mw_shl_code] 方法可以直接调用。但是查找资料发现，mpy里自带的时间戳计算初始值不是从 1970.1.1开始的，而是从 2000.1.1开始的，所以只好进行转换了  [mw_shl_code=python,false]Time_Epoch = 946656000000 now_timestamp = (provinceShortName_updateTime - Time_Epoch) // 1000 x = time.localtime(now_timestamp) update_time = '{}-{:0>2d}-{:0>2d} {}:{}:{}'.format(x[0], x[1], x[2], x[3], x[4], x[5])[/mw_shl_code] 其中的 [mw_shl_code=python,false]Time_Epoch = 946656000000[/mw_shl_code]就是 2000.1.1的正确时间戳。 因为获取的内容是毫秒级的，所以结果还要 除以 1000，这样就获得了正确的时间。所以严格意义上来讲， 这不是坑，而是一个学习的机会。 3.第二个坑就是信息的查询交互： 我们知道只有交互才有吸引，在掌控2.0里有语音功能，但在掌控1.0怎么进行信息的输入呢？  还好，掌控板提供了A+B+PYTHON 八个输入状态，这八个输入状态的组合已经基本上能满足要求了。 但怎么输入汉字呢？最简单的方法就是使用区位码。当然能获取掌控内置字库的地址会更好，但懒得翻github上的代码了 依稀记得，掌控的字库就是用区位地址编码的，不知道说得对不对 @李工，@吴工 这里预设了两个字的字库字典当做演示，有需要可以直接添加。 [mw_shl_code=python,false]font_info = {2628: '杭', 5461: '州'} font_info.get(a*1000+b*100+c*10+d,"温")[/mw_shl_code] a,b,c,d是用户输入的区位码的顺序4位数，用字典的get方法，防止区位码错误，预设默认值   三、演示视频： 四、完整代码 刷入掌控板即可： [mw_shl_code=python,false]from mpython import * import urequests import network import time def on_button_a_down(_): time.sleep_ms(10) if button_a.value() == 1: return oled.fill(0) oled.DispChar('温州：', 0, 0, 1) oled.DispChar('确诊：{}, 疑似：{}'.format(cities_Count,cities_suspectedCount),0, 16, 1) oled.DispChar('治愈：{:>3d}, 死亡：{}'.format(cities_curedCount,cities_deadCount),0, 32, 1) oled.DispChar('按PYTHON键查询.'.format(cities_curedCount,cities_deadCount),0, 48, 1) oled.show() button_a.irq(trigger=Pin.IRQ_FALLING, handler=on_button_a_down) def on_button_b_down(_): time.sleep_ms(10) if button_b.value() == 1: return for i, c in enumerate(resp_json['results'][0]['cities']): if c['cityName'] == first_char + second_char: break cities_Count = resp_json['results'][0]['cities']['confirmedCount'] cities_suspectedCount = resp_json['results'][0]['cities']['suspectedCount'] cities_curedCount = resp_json['results'][0]['cities']['curedCount'] cities_deadCount = resp_json['results'][0]['cities']['deadCount'] oled.fill(0) oled.DispChar(first_char + second_char + '：', 0, 0, 1) oled.DispChar('确诊：{}, 疑似：{}'.format(cities_Count,cities_suspectedCount),0, 16, 1) oled.DispChar('治愈：{:>3d}, 死亡：{}'.format(cities_curedCount,cities_deadCount),0, 32, 1) oled.DispChar('按PYTHON键查询.'.format(cities_curedCount,cities_deadCount),0, 48, 1) oled.show() button_b.irq(trigger=Pin.IRQ_FALLING, handler=on_button_b_down) from mpython import * from machine import Timer _status_p = _status_y = _status_t = _status_h = _status_o = _status_n = 0 def on_touchpad_P_pressed():pass def on_touchpad_P_unpressed():pass def on_touchpad_Y_pressed():pass def on_touchpad_Y_unpressed():pass def on_touchpad_T_pressed():pass def on_touchpad_T_unpressed():pass def on_touchpad_H_pressed():pass def on_touchpad_H_unpressed():pass def on_touchpad_O_pressed():pass def on_touchpad_O_unpressed():pass def on_touchpad_N_pressed():pass def on_touchpad_N_unpressed():pass tim12 = Timer(12) def timer12_tick(_): global _status_p, _status_y, _status_t, _status_h, _status_o, _status_n try: touchPad_P.read();pass except: return if touchPad_P.read() < 400: if 1 != _status_p:_status_p = 1;on_touchpad_P_pressed() elif 0 != _status_p:_status_p = 0;on_touchpad_P_unpressed() if touchPad_Y.read() < 400: if 1 != _status_y:_status_y = 1;on_touchpad_Y_pressed() elif 0 != _status_y:_status_y = 0;on_touchpad_Y_unpressed() if touchPad_T.read() < 400: if 1 != _status_t:_status_t = 1;on_touchpad_T_pressed() elif 0 != _status_t:_status_t = 0;on_touchpad_T_unpressed() if touchPad_H.read() < 400: if 1 != _status_h:_status_h = 1;on_touchpad_H_pressed() elif 0 != _status_h:_status_h = 0;on_touchpad_H_unpressed() if touchPad_O.read() < 400: if 1 != _status_o:_status_o = 1;on_touchpad_O_pressed() elif 0 != _status_o:_status_o = 0;on_touchpad_O_unpressed() if touchPad_N.read() < 400: if 1 != _status_n:_status_n = 1;on_touchpad_N_pressed() elif 0 != _status_n:_status_n = 0;on_touchpad_N_unpressed() tim12.init(period=100, mode=Timer.PERIODIC, callback=timer12_tick) a = 0 b = 0 c = 0 d = 0 first_char = '' second_char = '' font_info = {2628: '杭', 5461: '州'} def on_touchpad_P_pressed(): global a,b,c,d,first_char,second_char a = a + 1 if a>=10: a=0 oled.fill(0) oled.DispChar("请输入区位码：{}{}{}{}".format(a,b,c,d), 0, 0, 1) oled.DispChar("按O输入第一个字,按N输入", 0, 16, 1) oled.DispChar("第二个字,按B查询.", 0, 32, 1) oled.DispChar("你输入的字是:{}{}".format(first_char,second_char), 0, 48, 1) oled.show() def on_touchpad_Y_pressed(): global a,b,c,d,first_char,second_char b = b + 1 if b>=10: b=0 oled.fill(0) oled.DispChar("请输入区位码：{}{}{}{}".format(a,b,c,d), 0, 0, 1) oled.DispChar("按O输入第一个字,按N输入", 0, 16, 1) oled.DispChar("第二个字,按B查询.", 0, 32, 1) oled.DispChar("你输入的字是:{}{}".format(first_char,second_char), 0, 48, 1) oled.show() def on_touchpad_T_pressed(): global a,b,c,d,first_char,second_char c = c + 1 if c>=10: c=0 oled.fill(0) oled.DispChar("请输入区位码：{}{}{}{}".format(a,b,c,d), 0, 0, 1) oled.DispChar("按O输入第一个字,按N输入", 0, 16, 1) oled.DispChar("第二个字,按B查询.", 0, 32, 1) oled.DispChar("你输入的字是:{}{}".format(first_char,second_char), 0, 48, 1) oled.show() def on_touchpad_H_pressed(): global a,b,c,d,first_char,second_char d = d + 1 if d>=10: d=0 oled.fill(0) oled.DispChar("请输入区位码：{}{}{}{}".format(a,b,c,d), 0, 0, 1) oled.DispChar("按O输入第一个字,按N输入", 0, 16, 1) oled.DispChar("第二个字,按B查询.", 0, 32, 1) oled.DispChar("你输入的字是:{}{}".format(first_char,second_char), 0, 48, 1) oled.show() def on_touchpad_O_pressed(): global first_char,second_char first_char = font_info.get(a*1000+b*100+c*10+d,"温") oled.fill(0) oled.DispChar("请输入区位码：{}{}{}{}".format(a,b,c,d), 0, 0, 1) oled.DispChar("按O输入第一个字,按N输入", 0, 16, 1) oled.DispChar("第二个字,按B查询.", 0, 32, 1) oled.DispChar("你输入的字是:{}{}".format(first_char,second_char), 0, 48, 1) oled.show() def on_touchpad_N_pressed(): global first_char,second_char second_char = font_info.get(a*1000+b*100+c*10+d,"州") oled.fill(0) oled.DispChar("请输入区位码：{}{}{}{}".format(a,b,c,d), 0, 0, 1) oled.DispChar("按O输入第一个字,按N输入", 0, 16, 1) oled.DispChar("第二个字,按B查询.", 0, 32, 1) oled.DispChar("你输入的字是:{}{}".format(first_char,second_char), 0, 48, 1) oled.show() my_wifi = wifi() my_wifi.connectWiFi('1404-2', '2222222x') while not my_wifi.sta.isconnected(): print(1) oled.fill(0) oled.DispChar(my_wifi.sta.ifconfig()[0], 0, 0, 1) oled.show() get_url = 'https://lab.isaaclin.cn/nCoV/api/area?&province=浙江省' _response = urequests.get(get_url, headers={"Content-Type":"application/json"},) resp_json = _response.json() provinceShortName_Count = resp_json['results'][0]['confirmedCount'] provinceShortName_curedCount = resp_json['results'][0]['curedCount'] provinceShortName_suspectedCount = resp_json['results'][0]['suspectedCount'] provinceShortName_deadCount = resp_json['results'][0]['deadCount'] provinceShortName_updateTime = resp_json['results'][0]['updateTime'] Time_Epoch = 946656000000 now_timestamp = (provinceShortName_updateTime - Time_Epoch) // 1000 x = time.localtime(now_timestamp) update_time = '{}-{:0>2d}-{:0>2d} {}:{}:{}'.format(x[0], x[1], x[2], x[3], x[4], x[5]) for i, city in enumerate(resp_json['results'][0]['cities']): if city['cityName'] == '温州': break cities_Count = resp_json['results'][0]['cities']['confirmedCount'] cities_suspectedCount = resp_json['results'][0]['cities']['suspectedCount'] cities_curedCount = resp_json['results'][0]['cities']['curedCount'] cities_deadCount = resp_json['results'][0]['cities']['deadCount'] print(provinceShortName_Count) pass oled.fill(0) oled.DispChar('浙江肺炎疫情动态', 0, 0, 1) oled.DispChar('时间:{}'.format(update_time), 0, 16, 1) oled.DispChar('浙江确诊:{},疑似:{}.'.format(provinceShortName_Count,provinceShortName_suspectedCount), 0, 32, 1) oled.DispChar('请按A键查看城市信息.', 0, 48, 1) oled.show() [/mw_shl_code] |
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