【智控万物】乐高EV3播报新闻
本帖最后由 云天 于 2021-2-27 13:44 编辑【准备工作】
参考：https://mc.dfrobot.com.cn/thread-308419-1-1.html
【项目目的】
利用乐高EV3语音播报新闻
【ev3dev中speak方法】
在ev3dev中的sound库中有speak方法，可以进行朗读，但它只能朗读英语。
def speak(self, text, espeak_opts='-a 200 -s 130', volume=100, play_type=PLAY_WAIT_FOR_COMPLETE):
""" Speak the given text aloud.
Uses the ``espeak`` external command.
:param string text: The text to speak
:param string espeak_opts: ``espeak`` command options (advanced usage)
:param int volume: The play volume, in percent of maximum volume
:param play_type: The behavior of ``speak`` once playback has been initiated
:type play_type: ``Sound.PLAY_WAIT_FOR_COMPLETE``, ``Sound.PLAY_NO_WAIT_FOR_COMPLETE`` or ``Sound.PLAY_LOOP``
:return: When python3 is used and ``Sound.PLAY_NO_WAIT_FOR_COMPLETE`` is specified, returns the
spawn subprocess from ``subprocess.Popen``; ``None`` otherwise
"""
self._validate_play_type(play_type)
self.set_volume(volume)
cmd = "/usr/bin/espeak --stdout %s '%s' | /usr/bin/aplay -q" % (espeak_opts, text)
return self._audio_command(cmd, play_type)python程序
from ev3dev2.sound import Sound
sound=Sound()
sound.speak('I Love You',volume=20)换个思路，将文字传给百度AI平台进行语音合成，EV3使用ev3dev中的sound库播放传回来的音频文件。
【清理python2.7】
在乐高EV3的ev3dev中安装有python2.7和python3.7,使用pip安装时，会安装到python2.7中。我要使用python3，而pip3并不存在。通过以下方法，先删除python2.7,再安装python3.7下的pip3.
1.卸载python2.7sudo apt-get remove python2.7
2.卸载python2.7及其依赖sudo apt-get remove --auto-remove python2.7
3.消除python2.7sudo apt-get purge python2.7 or sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove python2.7
4、安装pip3：
sudo apt install python3-pip
5、更新pip3。
有网友说在Python可以使用用playsound module：playsound module是一个可以跨平台使用的库，不需要其他依赖的库，直接利用pip或者IDE的库管理功能安装就行。
pip install playsound
使用此方法在乐高EV3 并不能播放由百度传来的mp3。
【使用sound库】
class Sound(object):
"""
Support beep, play wav files, or convert text to speech.
Examples::
from ev3dev2.sound import Sound
spkr = Sound()
# Play 'bark.wav':
spkr.play_file('test.wav')
# Introduce yourself:
spkr.speak('Hello, I am Robot')
# Play a small song
spkr.play_song((
('D4', 'e3'),
('D4', 'e3'),
('D4', 'e3'),
('G4', 'h'),
('D5', 'h')
))
def play_file(self, wav_file, volume=100, play_type=PLAY_WAIT_FOR_COMPLETE):
""" Play a sound file (wav format) at a given volume. The EV3 audio subsystem will work best if
the file is encoded as 16-bit, mono, 22050Hz.
:param string wav_file: The sound file path
:param int volume: The play volume, in percent of maximum volume
:param play_type: The behavior of ``play_file`` once playback has been initiated
:type play_type: ``Sound.PLAY_WAIT_FOR_COMPLETE``, ``Sound.PLAY_NO_WAIT_FOR_COMPLETE`` or ``Sound.PLAY_LOOP``
:return: When python3 is used and ``Sound.PLAY_NO_WAIT_FOR_COMPLETE`` is specified, returns the
spawn subprocess from ``subprocess.Popen``; ``None`` otherwise
"""
if not 0 < volume <= 100:
raise ValueError('invalid volume (%s)' % volume)
if not wav_file.endswith(".wav"):
raise ValueError('invalid sound file (%s), only .wav files are supported' % wav_file)
if not os.path.exists(wav_file):
raise ValueError("%s does not exist" % wav_file)
self._validate_play_type(play_type)
self.set_volume(volume)
return self._audio_command('/usr/bin/aplay -q "%s"' % wav_file, play_type)
在ev3dev中有sound库，但它只能播放wav格式。而百度语音合成之后的是mp3格式。需要将mp3转成wav。
可使用ffmpeg
【安装ffmpeg】
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kirillshkrogalev/ffmpeg-next
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
例如：
from os import path
from pydub import AudioSegment
#files
src = "1.mp3"
dst = "test.wav"
# convert wav to mp3
sound = AudioSegment.from_mp3(src)
sound.export(dst, format="wav")
【百度语音合成】
1、创建应用
2、获取相应参数
3、安装语音合成 Python SDK
pip3 install baidu-aipAipSpeech是语音合成的Python SDK客户端，为使用语音合成的开发人员提供了一系列的交互方法。
from aip import AipSpeech
""" 你的 APPID AK SK """
APP_ID = '你的 App ID'
API_KEY = '你的 Api Key'
SECRET_KEY = '你的 Secret Key'
client = AipSpeech(APP_ID, API_KEY, SECRET_KEY)请求说明
[*]合成文本长度必须小于1024字节，如果本文长度较长，可以采用多次请求的方式。文本长度不可超过限制
举例，要把一段文字合成为语音文件：
result= client.synthesis('你好百度', 'zh', 1, {
'vol': 5,
})
# 识别正确返回语音二进制 错误则返回dict 参照下面错误码
if not isinstance(result, dict):
with open('audio.mp3', 'wb') as f:
f.write(result)
【测试程序】from aip import AipSpeech
from os import path
from pydub import AudioSegment
from ev3dev2.sound import Sound
""" 你的 APPID AK SK """
APP_ID = '你自己的'
API_KEY = '你自己的'
SECRET_KEY = '你自己的'
client = AipSpeech(APP_ID, API_KEY, SECRET_KEY)
result= client.synthesis('你好百度', 'zh', 1, {
'vol': 5,
})
# 识别正确返回语音二进制 错误则返回dict 参照下面错误码
if not isinstance(result, dict):
with open('audio.mp3', 'wb') as f:
f.write(result)
src = "audio.mp3"
dst = "audio.wav"
# convert wav to mp3
sound = AudioSegment.from_mp3(src)
sound.export(dst, format="wav")
spkr = Sound()
spkr.play_file(dst,volume=20)【爬取新闻标题】
BS4全称是Beatiful Soup，它提供一些简单的、python式的函数用来处理导航、搜索、修改分析树等功能。它是一个工具箱，通过解析文档为tiful Soup自动将输入文档转换为Unicode编码，输出文档转换为utf-8编码。
1、安装
pip3 install Beautifulsoup42、测试程序
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
import time
from ev3dev2.display import Display
display=Display()
url = "http://news.baidu.com"
r = requests.get(url)
html = r.text
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
li_list = soup.select('.hotnews > ul > li')
for li in li_list:
a_title = li.a.string
print(a_title)
time.sleep(10)
【读百度新闻标题】
from aip import AipSpeech
from os import path
from pydub import AudioSegment
from ev3dev2.sound import Sound
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
import time
from ev3dev2.display import Display
APP_ID = '23708135'
API_KEY = '3r5tdSmk4mtATr8SzXbWr2Dz'
SECRET_KEY = 'Vgc4DeTAiLnpZ9gGwA86DsKaHyGVedKz'
client = AipSpeech(APP_ID, API_KEY, SECRET_KEY)
display=Display()
url = "http://news.baidu.com"
r = requests.get(url)
html = r.text
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
li_list = soup.select('.hotnews > ul > li')
for li in li_list:
a_title = li.a.string
result= client.synthesis(a_title, 'zh', 1, {
'vol': 5,
})
if not isinstance(result, dict):
with open('audio.mp3', 'wb') as f:
f.write(result)
src = "audio.mp3"
dst = "audio.wav"
sound = AudioSegment.from_mp3(src)
sound.export(dst, format="wav")
spkr = Sound()
spkr.play_file(dst,volume=100)
time.sleep(20)
【获取新闻内容】打印测试，只读取第一段。
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
import time
# 定义url
url = "https://share.gmw.cn/guancha/2021-02/25/content_34643362.htm"
r = requests.get(url)
r.encoding = 'utf-8'
html = r.text
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
# 取出结果div
myAttrs = {'class': 'u-mainText'}
table = soup.find_all(name='div', attrs=myAttrs)
l=table
p=l.find_all('p')
j = 1
for x in p:
if j != 2:
pass
else:
print(x.text)
j = j + 1
【播报新闻视频】https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTExMTY0ODU5Ng==.html
【完整程序】
from aip import AipSpeech
from pydub import AudioSegment
from ev3dev2.display import Display
from ev3dev2.sound import Sound
from os import path
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
import time
APP_ID = '23708135'
API_KEY = '3r5tdSmk4mtATr8SzXbWr2Dz'
SECRET_KEY = 'Vgc4DeTAiLnpZ9gGwA86DsKaHyGVedKz'
client = AipSpeech(APP_ID, API_KEY, SECRET_KEY)
display = Display()
url = "http://news.baidu.com"
r = requests.get(url)
r.encoding = 'utf-8'
html = r.text
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
li_list = soup.select('.hotnews > ul > li')
for li in li_list:
url = li.a['href']
r = requests.get(url)
r.encoding = 'utf-8'
html = r.text
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
myAttrs = {'class': 'u-mainText'}
table = soup.find_all(name='div', attrs=myAttrs)
if len(table)>0:
l = table
p = l.find_all('p')
j = 1
for x in p:
if j == 2:
# print(x.text)
result = client.synthesis(x.text, 'zh', 1, {'vol': 5})
if not isinstance(result, dict):
with open('audio.mp3', 'wb') as f:
f.write(result)
src = "audio.mp3"
dst = "audio.wav"
sound = AudioSegment.from_mp3(src)
sound.export(dst, format="wav")
spkr = Sound()
spkr.play_file(dst, volume=100)
else:
pass
j = j + 1
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