【花雕动手做】基于 Kitronik 游戏机开发板之平台跳跃
Kitronik ARCADE 是一款由英国教育科技公司 Kitronik 精心打造的可编程游戏机开发板，专为编程教学与创客实践而设计。该设备原生支持微软的 MakeCode Arcade 平台，用户可通过图形化或 JavaScript 编程方式，轻松创建、下载并运行复古风格的街机游戏。
它集成了彩色 LCD 显示屏、方向控制键、功能按键、蜂鸣器和震动马达等交互组件，提供完整的游戏输入输出体验。无论是初学者进行编程启蒙，还是创客群体开发交互式作品，Kitronik ARCADE 都能作为理想的硬件载体，助力创意实现。
凭借其开源友好、易于上手、兼容性强等特点，该开发板广泛应用于中小学编程课程、创客工作坊、游戏开发教学以及个人项目原型设计，深受教育者与技术爱好者的喜爱。
【花雕动手做】基于 Kitronik 游戏机开发板之平台跳跃
作为学习、练习与尝试，这里创建一个平台跳跃的小游戏。打开网页版：https://arcade.makecode.com/，设置项目名称：平台跳跃
MicroPython实验代码
class ActionKind(Enum):
RunningLeft = 0
RunningRight = 1
Idle = 2
IdleLeft = 3
IdleRight = 4
JumpingLeft = 5
JumpingRight = 6
CrouchLeft = 7
CrouchRight = 8
Flying = 9
Walking = 10
Jumping = 11
@namespace
class SpriteKind:
Bumper = SpriteKind.create()
Goal = SpriteKind.create()
Coin = SpriteKind.create()
Flier = SpriteKind.create()
def on_on_overlap(sprite, otherSprite):
if sprite.vy > 0 and not (sprite.is_hitting_tile(CollisionDirection.BOTTOM)) or sprite.y < otherSprite.top:
otherSprite.destroy(effects.ashes, 250)
otherSprite.vy = -50
sprite.vy = -2 * pixelsToMeters
info.change_score_by(1)
music.power_up.play()
else:
info.change_life_by(-1)
sprite.say("Ow!", invincibilityPeriod)
music.power_down.play()
pause(invincibilityPeriod)
sprites.on_overlap(SpriteKind.player, SpriteKind.Bumper, on_on_overlap)
def initializeAnimations():
initializeHeroAnimations()
initializeCoinAnimation()
initializeFlierAnimations()
def giveIntroduction():
game.set_dialog_frame(img("""
. 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 . .
2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 .
2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 .
2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 .
2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 .
2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 .
2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 .
2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 .
2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 .
2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 .
2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 .
2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 .
2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 .
2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 .
. 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
game.set_dialog_cursor(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f . . . . . .
. . . . f f 5 5 5 5 f f . . . .
. . . . f 5 5 5 5 5 5 f . . . .
. . . f 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 f . . .
. . . f 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 f . . .
. . . f 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 f . . .
. . . f 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 f . . .
. . . . f 5 5 5 5 5 5 f . . . .
. . . . f f 5 5 5 5 f f . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
showInstruction("Move with the left and right buttons.")
showInstruction("Jump with the up or A button.")
showInstruction("Double jump by pressing jump again.")
def initializeCoinAnimation():
global coinAnimation
coinAnimation = animation.create_animation(ActionKind.Walking, 200)
coinAnimation.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f . . . . . .
. . . . f f 5 5 5 5 f f . . . .
. . . . f 5 5 5 5 5 5 f . . . .
. . . f 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 f . . .
. . . f 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 f . . .
. . . f 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 f . . .
. . . f 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 f . . .
. . . . f 5 5 5 5 5 5 f . . . .
. . . . f f 5 5 5 5 f f . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
coinAnimation.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . f f f f f f . . . . . .
. . . f f 5 f 5 5 5 f . . . . .
. . . f 5 f 5 5 5 5 5 f . . . .
. . f 5 f 5 5 5 4 5 5 f . . . .
. . f 5 f 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 f . . .
. . f 5 f 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 f . . .
. . f 5 f 5 5 5 4 5 5 f . . . .
. . . f 5 f 5 5 5 5 5 f . . . .
. . . . f 5 f 5 5 5 f . . . . .
. . . . f f f f f f . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
coinAnimation.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . f f f f f . . . . . .
. . . . f f 5 f 5 f f . . . . .
. . . f f 5 f 5 5 5 f . . . . .
. . . f 5 f 5 5 5 5 f f . . . .
. . . f 5 f 5 5 4 5 5 f . . . .
. . . f 5 f 5 5 4 5 5 f . . . .
. . . f 5 f 5 5 5 5 f f . . . .
. . . f f 5 f 5 5 5 f . . . . .
. . . . f f 5 f 5 f f . . . . .
. . . . . f f f f f . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
coinAnimation.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f . . . . . .
. . . . . f f f f f . . . . . .
. . . . . f 5 f 5 f f . . . . .
. . . . . f 5 f 5 5 f . . . . .
. . . . . f 5 f 5 5 f . . . . .
. . . . . f 5 f 5 5 f . . . . .
. . . . . f 5 f 5 5 f . . . . .
. . . . . f 5 f 5 f f . . . . .
. . . . . f f f f f . . . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
coinAnimation.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f . . . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f f . . . . .
. . . . . f f 5 f 5 f . . . . .
. . . . . f 5 5 f 5 f . . . . .
. . . . . f 5 5 f 5 f . . . . .
. . . . . f 5 5 f 5 f . . . . .
. . . . . f 5 5 f 5 f . . . . .
. . . . . f f 5 f 5 f . . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f f . . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
coinAnimation.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f f . . . . .
. . . . . f f 5 f 5 f f . . . .
. . . . . f 5 5 5 f 5 f f . . .
. . . . f f 5 5 5 5 f 5 f . . .
. . . . f 5 5 4 5 5 f 5 f . . .
. . . . f 5 5 4 5 5 f 5 f . . .
. . . . f f 5 5 5 5 f 5 f . . .
. . . . . f 5 5 5 f 5 f f . . .
. . . . . f f 5 f 5 f f . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f f . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
coinAnimation.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f f f . . . .
. . . . . f 5 5 5 f 5 f f . . .
. . . . f 5 5 5 5 5 f 5 f . . .
. . . . f 5 5 4 5 5 5 f 5 f . .
. . . f 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 f 5 f . .
. . . f 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 f 5 f . .
. . . . f 5 5 4 5 5 5 f 5 f . .
. . . . f 5 5 5 5 5 f 5 f . . .
. . . . . f 5 5 5 f 5 f . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f f f . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
def on_on_overlap2(sprite2, otherSprite2):
otherSprite2.destroy(effects.trail, 250)
otherSprite2.y += -3
info.change_score_by(3)
music.ba_ding.play()
sprites.on_overlap(SpriteKind.player, SpriteKind.Coin, on_on_overlap2)
def attemptJump():
global doubleJumpSpeed, canDoubleJump
# else if: either fell off a ledge, or double jumping
if hero.is_hitting_tile(CollisionDirection.BOTTOM):
hero.vy = -4 * pixelsToMeters
elif canDoubleJump:
doubleJumpSpeed = -3 * pixelsToMeters
# Good double jump
if hero.vy >= -40:
doubleJumpSpeed = -4.5 * pixelsToMeters
hero.start_effect(effects.trail, 500)
scene.camera_shake(2, 250)
hero.vy = doubleJumpSpeed
canDoubleJump = False
def on_up_pressed():
attemptJump()
controller.up.on_event(ControllerButtonEvent.PRESSED, on_up_pressed)
def animateIdle():
global mainIdleLeft, mainIdleRight
mainIdleLeft = animation.create_animation(ActionKind.Walking, 100)
animation.attach_animation(hero, mainIdleLeft)
mainIdleLeft.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . f f f f f f f f f f . . .
. . f e e e e e e e e e e f . .
. f e e e e e e e e e e e e f .
. f d d d d d d d d d e e d f .
. f d d f d d d d f d d e d f .
. f d d f d d d d f d d d e f .
. f d d f d d d d f d d d f . .
. f d d d d d d d d d d d f . .
. f a c c c c c c c c a b f . .
. f d d c c c c c c d d d f . .
. f d f f f b b f f f d d f . .
. . f a a a a a a a a a b f . .
. . . f a a b f f a a b f . . .
. . . f a a b f f a a b f . . .
. . . . f f f . . f f f . . . .
"""))
mainIdleRight = animation.create_animation(ActionKind.Walking, 100)
animation.attach_animation(hero, mainIdleRight)
mainIdleRight.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . f f f f f f f f f f . . .
. . f e e e e e e e e e e f . .
. f e e e e e e e e e e e e f .
. f d e e d d d d d d d d d f .
. f d e d d f d d d d f d d f .
. f e d d d f d d d d f d d f .
. . f d d d f d d d d f d d f .
. . f d d d d d d d d d d d f .
. . f b a c c c c c c c c a f .
. . f d d d c c c c c c d d f .
. . f d d f f f b b f f f d f .
. . f b a a a a a a a a a f . .
. . . f b a a f f b a a f . . .
. . . f b a a f f b a a f . . .
. . . . f f f . . f f f . . . .
"""))
def on_down_pressed():
if not (hero.is_hitting_tile(CollisionDirection.BOTTOM)):
hero.vy += 80
controller.down.on_event(ControllerButtonEvent.PRESSED, on_down_pressed)
def setLevelTileMap(level: number):
clearGame()
if level == 0:
tiles.set_tilemap(tilemap("""
level
"""))
elif level == 1:
tiles.set_tilemap(tilemap("""
level_0
"""))
elif level == 2:
tiles.set_tilemap(tilemap("""
level_1
"""))
elif level == 3:
tiles.set_tilemap(tilemap("""
level_2
"""))
elif level == 4:
tiles.set_tilemap(tilemap("""
level_3
"""))
elif level == 5:
tiles.set_tilemap(tilemap("""
level_4
"""))
elif level == 6:
tiles.set_tilemap(tilemap("""
level_5
"""))
elif level == 7:
tiles.set_tilemap(tilemap("""
level_6
"""))
initializeLevel(level)
def initializeFlierAnimations():
global flierFlying, flierIdle
flierFlying = animation.create_animation(ActionKind.Walking, 100)
flierFlying.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . f f f f f f f . . . .
. . . . f 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 f . . .
. . . f 4 5 5 4 4 4 5 5 4 f . .
. f . f 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 f . f
. f f 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 f f
. f 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 f
. f 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 f
. f f 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 f f
. . . f 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 f . .
. . . . f 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 f . . .
. . . . . f f f f f f f . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
flierFlying.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . f f f f f f f . . . .
. . . . f 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 f . . .
. . . f 4 5 5 4 4 4 5 5 4 f . .
. . . f 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 f . .
. . f 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 f .
. . f 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 f .
. f 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 f
. f 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 f
. f 4 f 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 f 4 f
. f f . f 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 f . f f
. f . . . f f f f f f f . . . f
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
flierFlying.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . f f f f f f f . . . .
. . . . f 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 f . . .
. . . f 4 5 5 4 4 4 5 5 4 f . .
. f . f 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 f . f
. f f 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 f f
. f 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 f
. f 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 f
. f f 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 f f
. . . f 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 f . .
. . . . f 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 f . . .
. . . . . f f f f f f f . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
flierIdle = animation.create_animation(ActionKind.Walking, 100)
flierIdle.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . f f f f f f f . . . .
. . . . f 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 f . . .
. . . f 4 5 5 4 4 4 5 5 4 f . .
. f . f 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 f . f
. f f 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 f f
. f 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 f
. f 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 f
. f f 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 f f
. . . f 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 f . .
. . . . f 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 f . . .
. . . . . f f f f f f f . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
def animateRun():
global mainRunLeft, mainRunRight
mainRunLeft = animation.create_animation(ActionKind.Walking, 100)
animation.attach_animation(hero, mainRunLeft)
mainRunLeft.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . f f f f f f f . . . . . .
. . f e e e e e e e f . . . . .
. f e e e e e e e e e f . . . .
. f d d d d e d d e e f . . . .
. f d d f d d e d e e f . . . .
. f d d f d d d e e e f . . . .
. f d d f d d d d d d f . . . .
. f d d d d d d d d d f . . . .
. . f c c c a a c c b f . . . .
. . f c c d d d c c b f . . . .
. . f b f f d d f f f f . . . .
. . f a a a a a a a b f . . . .
. . . f a a a a b f f . . . . .
. . . f a a a a b f . . . . . .
. . . . f f f f f . . . . . . .
"""))
mainRunLeft.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . f f f f f f f . . . . . .
. . f e e e e e e e f . . . . .
. f e e e e e e e e e f . . . .
. f d d d d e d d e e f . . . .
. f d d f d d e d e e f . . . .
. f d d f d d d e e e f . . . .
. f d d f d d d d d d f . . . .
. f d d d d d d d d d f . . . .
. . f c c c c a a c b f . . . .
. . f c c c c d d c b f . . . .
. . f b f f d d d f f f f . . .
. . f a a a a a a a a b f f . .
. . . f a a b f f a a a f f . .
. . . . f f f . f f f f f . . .
"""))
mainRunLeft.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . f f f f f f f . . . . . .
. . f e e e e e e e f . . . . .
. f e e e e e e e e e f . . . .
. f d d d d e d d e e f . . . .
. f d d f d d e d e e f . . . .
. f d d f d d d e e e f . . . .
. f d d f d d d d d d f . . . .
. f d d d d d d d d d f . . . .
. . f c c c a a c c b f . . . .
. . f c c d d d c c b f . . . .
. . f b f f d d f f f f . . . .
. . f a a a a a a a b f . . . .
. . . f a a a a b f f . . . . .
. . . f a a a a b f . . . . . .
. . . . f f f f f . . . . . . .
"""))
mainRunLeft.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . f f f f f f f . . . . . .
. . f e e e e e e e f . . . . .
. f e e e e e e e e e f . . . .
. f d d d d e d d e e f . . . .
. f d d f d d e d e e f . . . .
. f d d f d d d e e e f . . . .
. f d d f d d d d d d f . . . .
. f d d d d d d d d d f . . . .
. . f c a a c c c c b f . . . .
. f d d d b c c c c b f . . . .
f f f d d f f f f f f f . . . .
f f f a a a a a a a b f . . . .
. f a a b f a a b f f . . . . .
. f f f f . f f f . . . . . . .
"""))
mainRunRight = animation.create_animation(ActionKind.Walking, 100)
animation.attach_animation(hero, mainRunRight)
mainRunRight.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f f f f . . .
. . . . . f e e e e e e e f . .
. . . . f e e e e e e e e e f .
. . . . f e e d d e d d d d f .
. . . . f e e d e d d f d d f .
. . . . f e e e d d d f d d f .
. . . . f d d d d d d f d d f .
. . . . f d d d d d d d d d f .
. . . . f b c c a a c c c f . .
. . . . f b c c d d d c c f . .
. . . . f f f f d d f f b f . .
. . . . f b a a a a a a a f . .
. . . . . f f b a a a a f . . .
. . . . . . f b a a a a f . . .
. . . . . . . f f f f f . . . .
"""))
mainRunRight.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f f f f . . .
. . . . . f e e e e e e e f . .
. . . . f e e e e e e e e e f .
. . . . f e e d d e d d d d f .
. . . . f e e d e d d f d d f .
. . . . f e e e d d d f d d f .
. . . . f d d d d d d f d d f .
. . . . f d d d d d d d d d f .
. . . . f b c a a c c c c f . .
. . . . f b c d d c c c c f . .
. . . f f f f d d d f f b f . .
. . f f b a a a a a a a a f . .
. . f f a a a f f b a a f . . .
. . . f f f f . . f f f . . . .
"""))
mainRunRight.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f f f f . . .
. . . . . f e e e e e e e f . .
. . . . f e e e e e e e e e f .
. . . . f e e d d e d d d d f .
. . . . f e e d e d d f d d f .
. . . . f e e e d d d f d d f .
. . . . f d d d d d d f d d f .
. . . . f d d d d d d d d d f .
. . . . f b c c a a c c c f . .
. . . . f b c c d d d c c f . .
. . . . f f f f d d f f b f . .
. . . . f b a a a a a a a f . .
. . . . . f f b a a a a f . . .
. . . . . . f b a a a a f . . .
. . . . . . . f f f f f . . . .
"""))
mainRunRight.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f f f f . . .
. . . . . f e e e e e e e f . .
. . . . f e e e e e e e e e f .
. . . . f e e d d e d d d d f .
. . . . f e e d e d d f d d f .
. . . . f e e e d d d f d d f .
. . . . f d d d d d d f d d f .
. . . . f d d d d d d d d d f .
. . . . f b c c c c a a c f . .
. . . . f b c c c c b d d d f .
. . . . f f f f f f f d d f f f
. . . . f b a a a a a a a f f f
. . . . . f f b a a f b a a f .
. . . . . . . f f f . f f f . .
"""))
def on_a_pressed():
attemptJump()
controller.A.on_event(ControllerButtonEvent.PRESSED, on_a_pressed)
def animateJumps():
global mainJumpLeft, mainJumpRight
# Because there isn't currently an easy way to say "play this animation a single time
# and stop at the end", this just adds a bunch of the same frame at the end to accomplish
# the same behavior
mainJumpLeft = animation.create_animation(ActionKind.Walking, 100)
animation.attach_animation(hero, mainJumpLeft)
mainJumpLeft.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . f f f f f f f f f f . . .
. . f e e e e e e e e e e f . .
. f e e e e e e e e e e e e f .
. f d d d d d d d d d e e d f .
. f d d f d d d d f d d e d f .
. f d d f d d d d f d d d e f .
. f d d f d d d d f d d d f . .
. f d d d d d d d d d d d f . .
. f a c c c c c c c c a b f . .
. f d d c c c c c c d d d f . .
. f d f f f b b f f f d d f . .
. . f a a a a a a a a a b f . .
. . . f a a b f f a a b f . . .
. . . f a a b f f a a b f . . .
. . . . f f f . . f f f . . . .
"""))
mainJumpLeft.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . f f f f f f f f f f . . .
. . f e e e e e e e e e e f . .
. f e e e e e e e e e e e e f .
. f d d d d d d d d d e e d f .
. f d d f d d d d f d d e d f .
. f d d f d d d d f d d d e f .
. f d d f d d d d f d d d f . .
. f d d d d d d d d d d d f . .
. f a c c c c c c c c a b f . .
. f d d c c c c c c d d d f . .
. f d f f f b b f f f d d f . .
. . f a a a a a a a a a b f . .
. . . f a a b f f a a b f . . .
. . . . f f f . . f f f . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
for index in range(30):
mainJumpLeft.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . f f f f f f f f f f . . .
. . f e e e e e e e e e e f . .
. f e e e e e e e e e e e e f .
. f d d d d d d d d d e e d f .
. f d d f d d d d f d d e d f .
. f d d f d d d d f d d d e f .
. f d d f d d d d f d d d f . .
. f d d d d d d d d d d d f f .
. d a b c c c c c c c c b a d .
. d a c c c c c c c c c c a d .
. f f f f f b b f f f f f f f .
. . f a a a a a a a a a b f . .
. . . f a a b f f a a b f . . .
. . . . f f f . . f f f . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
mainJumpRight = animation.create_animation(ActionKind.Walking, 100)
animation.attach_animation(hero, mainJumpRight)
mainJumpRight.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . f f f f f f f f f f . . .
. . f e e e e e e e e e e f . .
. f e e e e e e e e e e e e f .
. f d e e d d d d d d d d d f .
. f d e d d f d d d d f d d f .
. f e d d d f d d d d f d d f .
. . f d d d f d d d d f d d f .
. . f d d d d d d d d d d d f .
. . f b a c c c c c c c c a f .
. . f d d d c c c c c c d d f .
. . f d d f f f b b f f f d f .
. . f b a a a a a a a a a f . .
. . . f b a a f f b a a f . . .
. . . f b a a f f b a a f . . .
. . . . f f f . . f f f . . . .
"""))
mainJumpRight.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . f f f f f f f f f f . . .
. . f e e e e e e e e e e f . .
. f e e e e e e e e e e e e f .
. f d e e d d d d d d d d d f .
. f d e d d f d d d d f d d f .
. f e d d d f d d d d f d d f .
. . f d d d f d d d d f d d f .
. . f d d d d d d d d d d d f .
. . f b a c c c c c c c c a f .
. . f d d d c c c c c c d d f .
. . f d d f f f b b f f f d f .
. . f b a a a a a a a a a f . .
. . . f b a a f f b a a f . . .
. . . . f f f . . f f f . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
for index2 in range(30):
mainJumpRight.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . f f f f f f f f f f . . .
. . f e e e e e e e e e e f . .
. f e e e e e e e e e e e e f .
. f d e e d d d d d d d d d f .
. f d e d d f d d d d f d d f .
. f e d d d f d d d d f d d f .
. . f d d d f d d d d f d d f .
. f f d d d d d d d d d d d f .
. d a b c c c c c c c c b a d .
. d a c c c c c c c c c c a d .
. f f f f f f f b b f f f f f .
. . f b a a a a a a a a a f . .
. . . f b a a f f b a a f . . .
. . . . f f f . . f f f . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""))
def animateCrouch():
global mainCrouchLeft, mainCrouchRight
mainCrouchLeft = animation.create_animation(ActionKind.Walking, 100)
animation.attach_animation(hero, mainCrouchLeft)
mainCrouchLeft.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . f f f f f f f f f f . . .
. . f e e e e e e e e e e f . .
. f e e e e e e e e e e e e f .
. f d d d d d d d d d e e d f .
. f d d f d d d d f d d e d f .
. f d d f d d d d f d d d e f .
. f d d f d d d d f d d d f . .
. f d d d d d d d d d d d f . .
. f a c c c c c c c c a b f . .
. f d c c c c c c c c c d d f .
f d d f f f b b f f f f d d f .
. f f a a a a a a a a a b f . .
. . . f f f f . f f f f f . . .
"""))
mainCrouchRight = animation.create_animation(ActionKind.Walking, 100)
animation.attach_animation(hero, mainCrouchRight)
mainCrouchRight.add_animation_frame(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . f f f f f f f f f f . . .
. . f e e e e e e e e e e f . .
. f e e e e e e e e e e e e f .
. f d e e d d d d d d d d d f .
. f d e d d f d d d d f d d f .
. f e d d d f d d d d f d d f .
. . f d d d f d d d d f d d f .
. . f d d d d d d d d d d d f .
. . f b a c c c c c c c c a f .
. f d d c c c c c c c c c d f .
. f d d f f f f b b f f f d d f
. . f b a a a a a a a a a f f .
. . . f f f f f . f f f f . . .
"""))
def clearGame():
for value in sprites.all_of_kind(SpriteKind.Bumper):
value.destroy()
for value2 in sprites.all_of_kind(SpriteKind.Coin):
value2.destroy()
for value3 in sprites.all_of_kind(SpriteKind.Goal):
value3.destroy()
for value4 in sprites.all_of_kind(SpriteKind.Flier):
value4.destroy()
def on_overlap_tile(sprite3, location):
global currentLevel
info.change_life_by(1)
currentLevel += 1
if hasNextLevel():
game.splash("Next level unlocked!")
setLevelTileMap(currentLevel)
else:
game.over(True, effects.confetti)
scene.on_overlap_tile(SpriteKind.player,
assets.tile("""
tile1
"""),
on_overlap_tile)
def on_on_overlap3(sprite4, otherSprite3):
info.change_life_by(-1)
sprite4.say("Ow!", invincibilityPeriod * 1.5)
music.power_down.play()
pause(invincibilityPeriod * 1.5)
sprites.on_overlap(SpriteKind.player, SpriteKind.Flier, on_on_overlap3)
def createEnemies():
global bumper, flier
# enemy that moves back and forth
for value5 in tiles.get_tiles_by_type(assets.tile("""
tile4
""")):
bumper = sprites.create(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . f f f f f f . . . . . .
. . . f 7 2 7 7 7 2 f . . . . .
. . f 7 7 7 2 7 2 7 7 f . . . .
. . f 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 f . . .
. f 7 7 7 2 7 7 7 2 7 7 f . . .
. f 7 7 7 2 7 7 7 2 7 7 7 f . .
. f 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 f .
. f 7 7 7 7 2 2 2 7 7 7 7 7 f .
. . f 7 7 2 2 7 2 2 7 7 7 7 f .
. . f 7 7 2 7 7 7 2 2 7 7 7 f .
. . . f 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 f .
. . . . f f 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 f . .
. . . . . . f f f f f f f . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""),
SpriteKind.Bumper)
tiles.place_on_tile(bumper, value5)
tiles.set_tile_at(value5, assets.tile("""
tile0
"""))
bumper.ay = gravity
if Math.percent_chance(50):
bumper.vx = Math.random_range(30, 60)
else:
bumper.vx = Math.random_range(-60, -30)
# enemy that flies at player
for value6 in tiles.get_tiles_by_type(assets.tile("""
tile7
""")):
flier = sprites.create(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . f f f f f f f . . . .
. . . . f 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 f . . .
. . . f 4 5 5 4 4 4 5 5 4 f . .
. f . f 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 f . f
. f f 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 f f
. f 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 f
. f 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 f
. f f 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 f f
. . . f 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 f . .
. . . . f 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 f . . .
. . . . . f f f f f f f . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""),
SpriteKind.Flier)
tiles.place_on_tile(flier, value6)
tiles.set_tile_at(value6, assets.tile("""
tile0
"""))
animation.attach_animation(flier, flierFlying)
animation.attach_animation(flier, flierIdle)
def showInstruction(text: str):
game.show_long_text(text, DialogLayout.BOTTOM)
music.ba_ding.play()
info.change_score_by(1)
def initializeHeroAnimations():
animateRun()
animateIdle()
animateCrouch()
animateJumps()
def createPlayer(player2: Sprite):
player2.ay = gravity
scene.camera_follow_sprite(player2)
controller.move_sprite(player2, 100, 0)
player2.z = 5
info.set_life(3)
info.set_score(0)
def initializeLevel(level2: number):
global playerStartLocation
effects.clouds.start_screen_effect()
playerStartLocation = tiles.get_tiles_by_type(assets.tile("""
tile6
"""))
tiles.place_on_tile(hero, playerStartLocation)
tiles.set_tile_at(playerStartLocation, assets.tile("""
tile0
"""))
createEnemies()
spawnGoals()
def hasNextLevel():
return currentLevel != levelCount
def spawnGoals():
global coin
for value7 in tiles.get_tiles_by_type(assets.tile("""
tile5
""")):
coin = sprites.create(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f . . . . . .
. . . . f f 5 5 5 5 f f . . . .
. . . . f 5 5 5 5 5 5 f . . . .
. . . f 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 f . . .
. . . f 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 f . . .
. . . f 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 f . . .
. . . f 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 f . . .
. . . . f 5 5 5 5 5 5 f . . . .
. . . . f f 5 5 5 5 f f . . . .
. . . . . . f f f f . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
"""),
SpriteKind.Coin)
tiles.place_on_tile(coin, value7)
animation.attach_animation(coin, coinAnimation)
animation.set_action(coin, ActionKind.Walking)
tiles.set_tile_at(value7, assets.tile("""
tile0
"""))
heroFacingLeft = False
coin: Sprite = None
playerStartLocation: tiles.Location = None
flier: Sprite = None
bumper: Sprite = None
mainCrouchRight: animation.Animation = None
mainCrouchLeft: animation.Animation = None
mainJumpRight: animation.Animation = None
mainJumpLeft: animation.Animation = None
mainRunRight: animation.Animation = None
mainRunLeft: animation.Animation = None
flierIdle: animation.Animation = None
flierFlying: animation.Animation = None
mainIdleRight: animation.Animation = None
mainIdleLeft: animation.Animation = None
doubleJumpSpeed = 0
canDoubleJump = False
coinAnimation: animation.Animation = None
currentLevel = 0
levelCount = 0
gravity = 0
pixelsToMeters = 0
invincibilityPeriod = 0
hero: Sprite = None
hero = sprites.create(img("""
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . f f f f f f f f f f . . .
. . f e e e e e e e e e e f . .
. f e e e e e e e e e e e e f .
. f d e e d d d d d d d d d f .
. f d e d d f d d d d f d d f .
. f e d d d f d d d d f d d f .
. . f d d d f d d d d f d d f .
. . f d d d d d d d d d d d f .
. . f b a c c c c c c c c a f .
. . f d d d c c c c c c d d f .
. . f d d f f f b b f f f d f .
. . f b a a a a a a a a a f . .
. . . f b a a f f b a a f . . .
. . . f b a a f f b a a f . . .
. . . . f f f . . f f f . . . .
"""),
SpriteKind.player)
# how long to pause between each contact with a
# single enemy
invincibilityPeriod = 600
pixelsToMeters = 30
gravity = 9.81 * pixelsToMeters
scene.set_background_image(img("""
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
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"""))
initializeAnimations()
createPlayer(hero)
levelCount = 8
currentLevel = 0
setLevelTileMap(currentLevel)
giveIntroduction()
# set up hero animations
def on_on_update():
global heroFacingLeft
if hero.vx < 0:
heroFacingLeft = True
elif hero.vx > 0:
heroFacingLeft = False
if hero.is_hitting_tile(CollisionDirection.TOP):
hero.vy = 0
if controller.down.is_pressed():
if heroFacingLeft:
animation.set_action(hero, ActionKind.Walking)
else:
animation.set_action(hero, ActionKind.Walking)
elif hero.vy < 20 and not (hero.is_hitting_tile(CollisionDirection.BOTTOM)):
if heroFacingLeft:
animation.set_action(hero, ActionKind.Walking)
else:
animation.set_action(hero, ActionKind.Walking)
elif hero.vx < 0:
animation.set_action(hero, ActionKind.Walking)
elif hero.vx > 0:
animation.set_action(hero, ActionKind.Walking)
else:
if heroFacingLeft:
animation.set_action(hero, ActionKind.Walking)
else:
animation.set_action(hero, ActionKind.Walking)
game.on_update(on_on_update)
# Flier movement
def on_on_update2():
for value8 in sprites.all_of_kind(SpriteKind.Flier):
if abs(value8.x - hero.x) < 60:
if value8.x - hero.x < -5:
value8.vx = 25
elif value8.x - hero.x > 5:
value8.vx = -25
if value8.y - hero.y < -5:
value8.vy = 25
elif value8.y - hero.y > 5:
value8.vy = -25
animation.set_action(value8, ActionKind.Walking)
else:
value8.vy = -20
value8.vx = 0
animation.set_action(value8, ActionKind.Walking)
game.on_update(on_on_update2)
# Reset double jump when standing on wall
def on_on_update3():
global canDoubleJump
if hero.is_hitting_tile(CollisionDirection.BOTTOM):
canDoubleJump = True
game.on_update(on_on_update3)
# bumper movement
def on_on_update4():
for value9 in sprites.all_of_kind(SpriteKind.Bumper):
if value9.is_hitting_tile(CollisionDirection.LEFT):
value9.vx = Math.random_range(30, 60)
elif value9.is_hitting_tile(CollisionDirection.RIGHT):
value9.vx = Math.random_range(-60, -30)
game.on_update(on_on_update4)
【花雕动手做】基于 Kitronik 游戏机开发板之平台跳跃
这是一个基于ARCADE MakeCode的平台跳跃游戏代码。游戏概述
这是一个经典的2D平台跳跃游戏，玩家控制一个角色在不同关卡中跳跃、收集金币、躲避敌人，最终到达终点。
代码结构分析
1. 枚举定义
python
class ActionKind(Enum):
# 定义角色各种动作状态
RunningLeft = 0
RunningRight = 1
Idle = 2
# ... 其他动作状态
定义了角色可能的所有动作状态，用于动画管理。
2. 精灵种类定义
python
class SpriteKind:
Bumper = SpriteKind.create()# 碰撞敌人
Goal = SpriteKind.create() # 目标/终点
Coin = SpriteKind.create() # 金币
Flier = SpriteKind.create() # 飞行敌人
3. 核心游戏机制
跳跃系统
python
def attemptJump():
if hero.is_hitting_tile(CollisionDirection.BOTTOM):
hero.vy = -4 * pixelsToMeters# 普通跳跃
elif canDoubleJump:
hero.vy = -3 * pixelsToMeters# 二段跳
canDoubleJump = False
支持二段跳机制，玩家可以在空中再次跳跃。
物理系统
python
pixelsToMeters = 30
gravity = 9.81 * pixelsToMeters# 模拟真实重力
使用真实物理计算，让跳跃感觉更自然。
4. 动画系统
游戏包含丰富的动画：
奔跑动画：左右方向的奔跑帧
跳跃动画：跳跃和下落状态
下蹲动画：下蹲状态
闲置动画：站立状态
金币动画：旋转的金币效果
飞行敌人动画：翅膀扇动效果
5. 敌人系统
两种敌人类型：
Bumper（碰撞敌人）：在地面来回移动
Flier（飞行敌人）：会追踪玩家位置
6. 关卡系统
python
def setLevelTileMap(level: number):
if level == 0:
tiles.set_tilemap(tilemap("level"))
elif level == 1:
tiles.set_tilemap(tilemap("level_0"))
# ... 最多8个关卡
支持多个关卡，玩家完成一关后进入下一关。
【花雕动手做】基于 Kitronik 游戏机开发板之平台跳跃
图形编程参考实验程序通过模拟器，调试与模拟运行
实验场景记录
【花雕动手做】基于 Kitronik 游戏机开发板之平台跳跃
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