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[项目]【Arduino 动手做】DIY Arduino模拟时钟

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2025-6-11 09:44:27 [显示全部楼层]
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[项目] 【Arduino 动手做】DIY Arduino模拟时钟

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一个有趣、好看的模拟风格时钟，而且制作起来也非常简单。

这次我将教你如何制作一个有趣又美观的时钟，而且制作起来也非常简单。精确的时间会以椭圆形模拟时钟的形式显示在一块大型液晶显示屏上。你还可以通过三个按钮轻松调整时间。

在这种情况下，为了简单起见，不使用实时时钟模块，因此精度不是很高，主要取决于微控制器内的晶体。

【Arduino 动手做】DIY Arduino模拟时钟图1

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驴友花雕  高级技神
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发表于 2025-6-11 09:45:40

【Arduino 动手做】DIY Arduino模拟时钟

该设备由几个部件组成：

- Arduino Nano微控制器

- 基于 ST7920 芯片的 LCD 显示屏，分辨率为 128x64 点

- 和三个按钮

【Arduino 动手做】DIY Arduino模拟时钟图1

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驴友花雕  高级技神
 楼主|

发表于 2025-6-11 09:46:46

【Arduino 动手做】DIY Arduino模拟时钟

基本代码可从 blaber.com.pl 网站下载，并根据上述显示器进行调整，该显示器比原始版本更易于访问且价格便宜得多。代码是对数字时钟的修改，虽然可以运行，但仍需要在图形处理方面做大量工作。这是一个很好的示例，展示了如何使用 u8g2 库在不同类型的显示器上绘制对象和写入文本。

开机后，时间是12:00，我们需要手动设置当前时间。三个按钮让设置变得简单。中间的按钮用于进入设置模式，第一次点击设置分钟，第二次点击设置小时。在设置模式下，箭头可以通过另外两个按钮移动。说到精度，考虑到我们没有使用RTC模块，这个时钟相当准确。就我而言，24小时内，实际时间和时钟时间之间的差异只有几秒钟。

最后，将该装置装入一个合适的盒子中，该盒子由厚度为3mm和5mm的PVC材料制成，并涂有自粘彩色壁纸。

【Arduino 动手做】DIY Arduino模拟时钟图1

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驴友花雕  高级技神
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发表于 2025-6-11 09:48:22

【Arduino 动手做】DIY Arduino模拟时钟

项目代码

  1. #include <Arduino.h>

  2. #include <U8g2lib.h>

  3. #include <TimerOne.h>

  4. 

  5. 

  6. 

  7. U8G2_ST7920_128X64_1_SW_SPI u8g2(U8G2_R2, /* clock=*/ 13, /* data=*/ 11, /* CS=*/ 10, /* reset=*/ 8);

  8. 

  9. 

  10. byte inPin1 = 7;                  //digital input sw-1 marking hours or minutes

  11. byte inPin2 = 6;                  //sw-2 digital input correcting minutes

  12. byte inPin3 = 5;                  //digital input sw-3 correcting hours 

  13. byte P1, P2;                      //button states

  14. uint8_t s, m, g;                  //declaration of seconds, minutes and hours

  15. boolean kropki;                   //variable of the dots

  16. const char tarczaX[60] = {        //X coordinates of the target points

  17.   64, 61, 56, 53, 50, 48, 45, 42, 40, 40,

  18.   35, 34, 31, 29, 28, 28, 28, 29, 31, 34,

  19.   35, 38, 40, 42, 45, 48, 50, 53, 56, 61,

  20.   64, 68, 72, 76, 79, 82, 85, 87, 90, 92,

  21.   94, 96, 98, 99, 100, 100, 100, 99, 98, 96,

  22.   94, 92, 90, 87, 85, 82, 79, 76, 68, 64 };

  23. const char tarczaY[60] = {        //y coordinates of the target points

  24.   54, 54, 54, 54, 53, 52, 51, 49, 48, 48,

  25.   44, 43, 40, 37, 35, 32, 27, 26, 23, 21,

  26.   19, 17, 15, 13, 12, 10,  9,  8,  8,  8,

  27.    8,  8,  8,  8,  8,  9, 10, 12, 13, 15,

  28.   17, 19, 21, 23, 26, 32, 35, 37, 40, 42,

  29.   44, 46, 48, 48, 48, 52, 53, 54, 54, 54 };  

  30.   

  31. void setup() {

  32.   u8g2.begin();

  33.   pinMode(inPin1, INPUT_PULLUP);          //setting the pin as a digital input

  34.   pinMode(inPin2, INPUT_PULLUP);

  35.   pinMode(inPin3, INPUT_PULLUP);

  36.   u8g2.setContrast(220);

  37.   Timer1.initialize(1000000);

  38.   Timer1.attachInterrupt(toggleOutput);

  39.   P1 = 0; P2 = 0; s = 0; m = 0; g = 0;

  40. 

  41. }

  42. 

  43. void loop() {

  44.   u8g2.setFont(u8g2_font_9x15B_tr);

  45.   u8g2.setFontDirection(2);           //select the direction of subtitles

  46.   Dipsw();

  47.   u8g2.firstPage();

  48.   char m_str[3];

  49.   strcpy(m_str, u8x8_u8toa(m, 2));    //Replace m with a string with 2 digits

  50.   do {

  51.     u8g2.drawStr(115,27,"9");

  52.     u8g2.drawStr(20,27,"3");

  53.     u8g2.drawStr(67,0,"6");

  54.     u8g2.drawStr(73,52,"12"); 

  55.     u8g2.drawDisc(64,32,3);                     //center of the clock

  56.     u8g2.drawDisc(42,57,2);                     //hour 1

  57.     u8g2.drawDisc(24,49,2);                     //hour 2

  58.     u8g2.drawDisc(24,14,2);                     //hour 4

  59.     u8g2.drawDisc(42,5,2);                      //hour 5

  60.     u8g2.drawDisc(85,5,2);                      //hour 7

  61.     u8g2.drawDisc(104,14,2);                    //hour 8

  62.     u8g2.drawDisc(104,49,2);                    //hour 10

  63.     u8g2.drawDisc(85,57,2);                     //hour 11    

  64.     if (P1 == 1){ u8g2.drawStr(10,0,"M");}      //marking correcting minutes

  65.     if (P1 == 2){ u8g2.drawStr(10,0,"H");}      //marking of correcting hours

  66.     //drawing hour hand

  67.     if (g == 0 or g == 12){u8g2.drawTriangle(64,49, 67,32, 61,32);}

  68.     if (g == 1 or g == 13){u8g2.drawTriangle(50,49, 67,34, 61,30);}

  69.     if (g == 2 or g == 14){u8g2.drawTriangle(40,42, 65,35, 60,30);}

  70.     if (g == 3 or g == 15){u8g2.drawTriangle(32,32, 64,35, 64,29);}

  71.     if (g == 4 or g == 16){u8g2.drawTriangle(40,21, 63,29, 63,35);}

  72.     if (g == 5 or g == 17){u8g2.drawTriangle(48,13, 66,30, 62,34);}

  73.     if (g == 6 or g == 18){u8g2.drawTriangle(64,13, 68,32, 60,32);}

  74.     if (g == 7 or g == 19){u8g2.drawTriangle(79,13, 67,34, 62,30);}

  75.     if (g == 8 or g == 20){u8g2.drawTriangle(88,21, 66,35, 63,30);}

  76.     if (g == 9 or g == 21){u8g2.drawTriangle(96,32, 64,35, 64,29);}

  77.     if (g == 10 or g == 22){u8g2.drawTriangle(88,42, 64,35, 65,28);}

  78.     if (g == 11 or g == 23){u8g2.drawTriangle(79,49, 67,31, 62,35);}

  79.     //drawing a second hand

  80.     u8g2.drawLine(64,32, tarczaX[s], tarczaY[s]);

  81.     // draw minute hand

  82.     //u8g2.drawStr(20,50,m_str);

  83.     if (m == 0) {u8g2.drawLine(67,32, 64,54); u8g2.drawLine(61,32, 64,54);}

  84.     if (m == 1) {u8g2.drawLine(67,32, 60,54); u8g2.drawLine(61,32, 60,54);}

  85.     if (m == 2) {u8g2.drawLine(67,32, 56,54); u8g2.drawLine(61,32, 56,54);}

  86.     if (m == 3) {u8g2.drawLine(66,33, 53,54); u8g2.drawLine(61,31, 53,54);}

  87.     if (m == 4) {u8g2.drawLine(66,33, 50,53); u8g2.drawLine(61,31, 50,53);}

  88.     if (m == 5) {u8g2.drawLine(65,34, 48,52); u8g2.drawLine(61,30, 48,52);}

  89.     if (m == 6) {u8g2.drawLine(64,34, 45,51); u8g2.drawLine(61,30, 45,51);}

  90.     if (m == 7) {u8g2.drawLine(64,34, 42,49); u8g2.drawLine(61,30, 42,49);}

  91.     if (m == 8) {u8g2.drawLine(64,34, 40,48); u8g2.drawLine(61,30, 40,48);}

  92.     if (m == 9) {u8g2.drawLine(64,35, 38,46); u8g2.drawLine(61,30, 38,46);} 

  93.     if (m == 10) {u8g2.drawLine(65,35, 35,44); u8g2.drawLine(62,30, 35,44);}

  94.     if (m == 11) {u8g2.drawLine(64,35, 34,43); u8g2.drawLine(62,29, 34,43);}

  95.     if (m == 12) {u8g2.drawLine(64,35, 31,40); u8g2.drawLine(62,29, 31,40);}

  96.     if (m == 13) {u8g2.drawLine(64,35, 29,37); u8g2.drawLine(63,29, 29,37);}

  97.     if (m == 14) {u8g2.drawLine(64,35, 28,35); u8g2.drawLine(63,29, 28,35);}

  98.     if (m == 15) {u8g2.drawLine(64,35, 28,32); u8g2.drawLine(63,29, 28,32);} //

  99.     if (m == 16) {u8g2.drawLine(63,35, 28,27); u8g2.drawLine(64,29, 28,27);}

  100.     if (m == 17) {u8g2.drawLine(63,35, 29,26); u8g2.drawLine(64,29, 29,26);}

  101.     if (m == 18) {u8g2.drawLine(63,35, 31,23); u8g2.drawLine(64,29, 31,23);}

  102.     if (m == 19) {u8g2.drawLine(63,35, 34,21); u8g2.drawLine(64,29, 34,21);}          

  103.     if (m == 20) {u8g2.drawLine(63,35, 35,19); u8g2.drawLine(65,29, 35,19);}

  104.     if (m == 21) {u8g2.drawLine(63,35, 38,17); u8g2.drawLine(65,29, 38,17);}

  105.     if (m == 22) {u8g2.drawLine(62,34, 40,15); u8g2.drawLine(65,29, 40,15);}

  106.     if (m == 23) {u8g2.drawLine(62,34, 42,13); u8g2.drawLine(65,29, 42,13);}

  107.     if (m == 24) {u8g2.drawLine(62,34, 45,12); u8g2.drawLine(66,29, 45,12);}

  108.     if (m == 25) {u8g2.drawLine(61,34, 48,10); u8g2.drawLine(66,32, 48,10);}

  109.     if (m == 26) {u8g2.drawLine(61,33, 50,9); u8g2.drawLine(66,30, 50,9);}

  110.     if (m == 27) {u8g2.drawLine(66,32, 53,8); u8g2.drawLine(61,33, 53,8);}

  111.     if (m == 28) {u8g2.drawLine(67,32, 56,8); u8g2.drawLine(61,33, 56,8);}

  112.     if (m == 29) {u8g2.drawLine(67,32, 61,8); u8g2.drawLine(61,32, 61,8);}          

  113.     if (m == 30) {u8g2.drawLine(67,32, 64,8); u8g2.drawLine(61,32, 64,8);} ///

  114.     if (m == 31) {u8g2.drawLine(67,32, 68,8); u8g2.drawLine(61,32, 68,8);}

  115.     if (m == 32) {u8g2.drawLine(67,32, 72,8); u8g2.drawLine(61,32, 72,8);}

  116.     if (m == 33) {u8g2.drawLine(67,32, 76,8); u8g2.drawLine(61,31, 76,8);}

  117.     if (m == 34) {u8g2.drawLine(67,32, 79,8); u8g2.drawLine(62,31, 79,8);}

  118.     if (m == 35) {u8g2.drawLine(67,33, 82,9); u8g2.drawLine(62,30, 82,9);}

  119.     if (m == 36) {u8g2.drawLine(66,34, 85,10); u8g2.drawLine(62,30, 85,10);}

  120.     if (m == 37) {u8g2.drawLine(66,34, 87,12); u8g2.drawLine(62,30, 87,12);}

  121.     if (m == 38) {u8g2.drawLine(66,34, 90,13); u8g2.drawLine(63,30, 90,13);}

  122.     if (m == 39) {u8g2.drawLine(66,35, 92,15); u8g2.drawLine(63,30, 92,15);}          

  123.     if (m == 40) {u8g2.drawLine(66,35, 94,17); u8g2.drawLine(63,30, 94,17);}

  124.     if (m == 41) {u8g2.drawLine(65,35, 96,19); u8g2.drawLine(64,30, 96,19);}

  125.     if (m == 42) {u8g2.drawLine(65,35, 98,21); u8g2.drawLine(64,30, 98,21);}

  126.     if (m == 43) {u8g2.drawLine(65,35, 99,23); u8g2.drawLine(64,29, 99,23);}

  127.     if (m == 44) {u8g2.drawLine(64,35, 100,26); u8g2.drawLine(64,29, 100,26);}

  128.     if (m == 45) {u8g2.drawLine(64,35, 100,32); u8g2.drawLine(64,29, 100,32);} ///

  129.     if (m == 46) {u8g2.drawLine(64,35, 100,35); u8g2.drawLine(64,29, 100,35);}

  130.     if (m == 47) {u8g2.drawLine(64,35, 99,37); u8g2.drawLine(64,29, 99,37);}

  131.     if (m == 48) {u8g2.drawLine(64,35, 98,40); u8g2.drawLine(64,29, 98,40);}

  132.     if (m == 49) {u8g2.drawLine(64,35, 96,42); u8g2.drawLine(65,28, 96,42);}          

  133.     if (m == 50) {u8g2.drawLine(64,35, 94,44); u8g2.drawLine(65,28, 94,44);}

  134.     if (m == 51) {u8g2.drawLine(63,35, 92,46); u8g2.drawLine(66,30, 92,46);}

  135.     if (m == 52) {u8g2.drawLine(63,35, 90,48); u8g2.drawLine(66,30, 90,48);}

  136.     if (m == 53) {u8g2.drawLine(64,34, 87,48); u8g2.drawLine(66,29, 87,48);}

  137.     if (m == 54) {u8g2.drawLine(63,35, 85,48); u8g2.drawLine(67,31, 85,48);}

  138.     if (m == 55) {u8g2.drawLine(67,31, 82,52); u8g2.drawLine(63,35, 82,52);}

  139.     if (m == 56) {u8g2.drawLine(67,31, 79,53); u8g2.drawLine(62,35, 79,53);}

  140.     if (m == 57) {u8g2.drawLine(67,31, 76,54); u8g2.drawLine(62,35, 76,54);}

  141.     if (m == 58) {u8g2.drawLine(67,31, 72,54); u8g2.drawLine(62,34, 72,54);}

  142.     if (m == 59) {u8g2.drawLine(67,31, 68,54); u8g2.drawLine(62,32, 68,54);}                  

  143.   } while ( u8g2.nextPage() );

  144.   delayMicroseconds(10000); 

  145. }

  146. 

  147. void toggleOutput(){

  148.     s++;

  149.     if (s == 60) {

  150.       s = 0;

  151.       m++;

  152.     }

  153.     if (m == 60) {

  154.       m = 0;

  155.       g++;

  156.     }

  157.     if (g == 24) {

  158.       g = 0;

  159.     } 

  160.     kropki = !kropki;               //blinking colon every 1 sec.

  161. }

  162. 

  163. void Dipsw(){

  164.   byte readPin1, readPin1A, readPin2, readPin2A, readPin3, readPin3A;

  165.   readPin1 = digitalRead(inPin1);           //read the state of the rotation button

  166.   readPin2 = digitalRead(inPin2);           //reading the status of the right move button

  167.   readPin3 = digitalRead(inPin3);           //reading the state of the move left button

  168.   delay(1);

  169.   readPin1A = digitalRead(inPin1);

  170.   readPin2A = digitalRead(inPin2);

  171.   readPin3A = digitalRead(inPin3);

  172.   if (readPin1 == LOW and readPin1 == readPin1A) {

  173.     //setting the time - selecting hours or minutes

  174.     P1++;

  175.     delay(200);

  176.     if (P1 == 3){

  177.       P1 = 0;

  178.     }

  179.   }  

  180.   if (readPin2 == LOW and readPin2 == readPin2A) {

  181.     //correcting hours and minutes up

  182.     if (P1 == 1){                           //correcting minutes

  183.        m++;

  184.        if (m == 59) {m = 0;}

  185.     }

  186.     if (P1 == 2){                           //framing minutes

  187.       g++;

  188.       if (g == 24){g = 0;}

  189.     }

  190.     delay(200);

  191.   }

  192.   if (readPin3 == LOW and readPin3 == readPin3A) { 

  193.   //correcting hours and minutes down

  194.     if (P1 == 1){                           //correcting minutes

  195.       m--;

  196.       if (m >= 60) {m = 59;}

  197.       if (m <= 0) {m = 59;}

  198.     }

  199.     if (P1 == 2){                           //correcting hours

  200.       g--;

  201.       if (g >= 24){g = 23;}

  202.       if (g <= 0){g = 23;}

  203.     }

  204.     delay(200);

  205.   }

  206. }
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驴友花雕  高级技神
 楼主|

发表于 2025-6-11 09:49:55

【Arduino 动手做】DIY Arduino模拟时钟

附录
【Arduino 动手做】DIY Arduino模拟时钟
项目链接：https://www.hackster.io/mircemk/diy-arduino-analog-clock-93aead
项目作者：北马其顿 米尔塞姆克（Mirko Pavleski）

项目视频 ：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EkwxNqki2ew
项目代码：https://www.hackster.io/code_files/598371/download

【Arduino 动手做】DIY Arduino模拟时钟图1

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